| 纳米氧化铜对镉胁迫下小油菜生理生化和重金属累积的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2250 全文点击 915 投稿时间：2022-09-22 修订日期：2022-11-30 |
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| 中文关键词 纳米氧化铜 镉胁迫 小油菜 生理生化 吸收与累积 |
| 英文关键词 copper oxide nanoparticles cadmium stress Brassica chinensis L. physiological and biochemical properties absorbed and accumulated |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.20230942 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王诗琪 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191
东北农业大学资源与环境学院, 哈尔滨 150030 | wwp875822270@163.com | | 孙约兵 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | sunyuebing2008@126.com | | 黄青青 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 徐应明 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 董如茵 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 孟庆尧 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室, 天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191
东北农业大学资源与环境学院, 哈尔滨 150030 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究纳米氧化铜（CuO NPs）在镉（Cd）胁迫下对作物生长、生理特性和重金属吸收的影响，采用水培实验，以夏绿2号小油菜为供试植物，研究了CuO NPs （0、10、20和50 mg ·L-1）和Cd （0、1和5 μmol ·L-1）单一和复配处理下小油菜鲜重、光合色素、丙二醛含量（MDA）、抗氧化酶活性［过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）］以及Cu和Cd含量.结果表明，在单一CuO NPs处理下，小油菜鲜重以及CAT、POD、GR酶活性总体上受到抑制，叶绿素含量和SOD活性随浓度增加呈现出先增加后降低趋势，而小油菜叶部、根部MDA含量以及亚细胞中Cu含量随投加量增加而增加.1 μmol ·L-1Cd处理下，添加CuO NPs促进了小油菜生长，鲜重较对照增加了8.70%~44.87%，当Cd浓度达到5 μmol ·L-1时，低浓度CuO NPs （10 mg ·L-1）处理表现为促进植物生长，高浓度（50 mg ·L-1）处理则呈抑制效应.不同Cd处理下添加CuO NPs均提高了小油菜的光合色素和MDA含量，其中小油菜叶部MDA含量较对照增加了4.34%~36.27%，根部MDA含量增加了13.43%~131.04%.Cd浓度为1 μmol ·L-1处理下施加CuO NPs后，小油菜叶部CAT和GR活性均下降，POD活性上升；当Cd浓度达到5 μmol ·L-1时，CuO NPs提高了小油菜叶部POD活性，抑制了SOD和GR活性，CAT活性随浓度升高呈现先上升后下降的趋势.CuO NPs与Cd表现出拮抗作用，添加CuO NPs后，1 μmol ·L-1 Cd处理下小油菜叶部和根部Cd含量最大降幅分别为45.64%和33.39%，5 μmol ·L-1 Cd处理下叶部和根部Cd含量最大降幅分别为18.25%和25.35%，小油菜亚细胞器中Cu和Cd质量分数下降，可溶性组分质量分数上升.综上所述，低浓度下CuO NPs可以促进Cd胁迫下植物生长，抑制植物对Cd吸收，但会增加植物氧化损伤. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To investigate the effects of nano-copper oxide (CuO NPs) on plant growth, physio-biochemical characteristics, and heavy metal content under cadmium stress, a hydroponics experiment was conducted on the effects of single and combined treatments of CuO NPs (0, 10, 20, and 50 mg·L-1) and Cd (0, 1, and 5 μmol·L-1) on the fresh weight, photosynthetic pigment content, MDA content, antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, POD, SOD, and GR), and Cu and Cd contents in Brassica chinensis L. The results showed that under the single addition of CuO NPs, the fresh weight and activities of CAT, POD, and GR were inhibited as a whole. Photosynthetic pigment content and SOD activity increased first and then decreased with the increase in CuO NPs concentration, whereas MDA content in leaves and roots, and Cu content in subcells of B. chinensis L. increased with the increasing of CuO NPs. As compared with that in the control, CuO NPs promoted the growth of B. chinensis L., and the fresh weight increased by 8.70%-44.87% at 1 μmol·L-1 Cd. When the content of Cd was up to 5 μmol·L-1, a low content (10 mg·L-1) of CuO NPs promoted the growth of B. chinensis L., whereas a high concentration (50 mg·L-1) showed an inhibitory effect. The addition of CuO NPs could increase photosynthetic pigment and MDA contents under different Cd stress, and MDA content in leaves and roots of B. chinensis L. increased by 4.34%-36.27% and 13.43%-131.04%, respectively, than that in the control groups. Under the same concentration of 1 μmol·L-1 Cd, the addition of CuO NPs decreased the activities of CAT and GR, whereas the activity of POD increased. When the content of Cd was up to 5 μmol·L-1, CuO NPs increased the POD activity and inhibited the activity of SOD and GR. The activities of CAT and CAT in the leaves of B. chinensis L. initially showed an increasing and then decreasing trend. CuO NPs and Cd showed antagonistic effects, the maximum reduction of Cd content in leaves and roots of Brassica chinensis L. under 1 μmol·L-1 Cd treatment was 45.64% and 33.39%, and that under 5 μmol·L-1 Cd treatment was 18.25% and 25.35%, respectively. The content of Cu and Cd in subcellular organs of the plants decreased, but the proportion of soluble components increased. These results indicated that CuO NPs at low concentrations promoted plant growth under Cd stress and further inhibited the absorption of Cd but increased the oxidative damage to B. chinensis L. |
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