| 沱江和涪江水系干支流氮磷营养盐的空间分布特征 |
| 摘要点击 2834 全文点击 887 投稿时间：2022-07-31 修订日期：2022-10-06 |
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| 中文关键词 沱江 涪江 氮(N) 磷(P) 空间分布 |
| 英文关键词 Tuojiang River Fujiang River nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P) distribution |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李子阳 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都 610041
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | liziyang18@mails.ucas.ac.cn | | 周明华 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都 610041 | mhuazhou@imde.ac.cn | | 徐鹏 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都 610041 | | | 陈露 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都 610041
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 刘祥龙 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都 610041
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 林洪羽 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都 610041
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 江南 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都 610041 | | | 任兵 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都 610041 | | | 张博文 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 成都 610041 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 沱江和涪江是长江上游的重要支流，且都存在严重的水体污染问题，其中氮（N）和磷（P）为最主要污染物.通过对沱江和涪江干支流进行取样并进行水体N和P空间分布特征的分析，寻找不同空间水质差异的原因，为长江上游及其支流流域地表水污染防控提供科学依据.结果表明，沱江水系和涪江水系均存在严重的总氮（TN）污染，劣Ⅴ类水质断面占比分别高达94%和50%，总磷（TP）污染适中，主要集中在Ⅱ类~Ⅳ类水质，但沱江水系TN和TP浓度整体上要高于涪江水系，污染程度要比涪江水系更严重；对沱江而言，干流硝态氮（NN）浓度从上游到下游呈现先增加后降低的趋势，氨氮（AN）浓度最大值出现在干流上游位点，中下游浓度较低，每流经一座城市后，TP浓度均明显增高，涪江干流的TN和NN浓度呈现上中下游逐渐增加的趋势；沱江和涪江水系均表现出支流TN和TP浓度大于干流的现象，且河流中的TN、TP和NN还受水体pH和水温（T）影响，可见河流N和P污染控制应重视水环境因素的影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The Tuojiang River and Fujiang River, two important tributaries of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, have serious water pollution problems, among which nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are the most important pollutants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the influencing factors of water quality in different spaces and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of surface water pollution in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and its tributaries. Water samples of trunk and tributaries in the Tuojiang River and Fujiang River were collected, and the spatial distribution characteristics of water N and P were analyzed. The results showed that the Tuojiang River and Fujiang River showed serious pollution of total nitrogen (TN), with a water quality worse Ⅴ-section proportion as high as 94% and 50%, respectively. Both rivers showed that TN and TP concentrations in the tributaries were higher than those in the main stream. For both rivers, total phosphorus (TP), with moderate pollution, was mainly concentrated in Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ class water quality, whereas the P pollution was more serious for the Fujiang River compared to that of the Fujiang River. For the Tuojiang River, nitrate nitrogen (NN) concentration from upstream to downstream showed a trend of decreasing after the first increase, with the maximum concentration of ammonium nitrogen (AN) exhibiting at the upstream site. In particular, TP concentration increased significantly after rivers flowed through a city. For the Fujiang River trunk stream, TN and NN concentration exhibited a gradually increasing trend from the middle to lower reaches. Generally, our study revealed that TN, TP, and NN in the rivers were affected by water pH and water temperature (T). Therefore, the control of N and P pollution in rivers should pay attention to the influence of water environmental factors. |
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