| 植被类型对黄土高原露采矿山复垦土壤碳循环功能基因的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1098 全文点击 365 投稿时间：2022-06-19 修订日期：2022-08-22 |
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| 中文关键词 植被恢复 碳降解 碳固定 甲烷代谢 功能基因 |
| 英文关键词 vegetation restoration carbon degradation carbon fixation methane metabolism functional gene |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 植被恢复可有效地改善矿区生态环境,提升生态服务功能,促进生态系统固碳增汇.但目前矿区植被恢复影响土壤碳循环相关功能基因的机制尚缺乏深入研究.为此,采集黄土高原黑岱沟露天矿排土场复垦区草地(GL)、灌丛(BL)、针叶林(CF)、阔叶林(BF)和针阔混交林(MF)共25个表层土壤样品,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术测定土壤碳循环功能基因绝对丰度,探究不同植被类型对土壤碳循环相关功能基因的影响及内在机制.结果表明:①不同植被类型对矿区复垦土壤化学性质和碳循环相关功能基因丰度影响差异显著(P<0.05),GL和BL对土壤有机碳、全氮和硝态氮的积累显著优于CF (P<0.05);②所有碳固定基因中rbcL、acsA和mct的丰度最高,BF土壤中碳循环相关功能基因丰度高于其它类型,与BF土壤中的铵态氮和BG酶活性较高及易氧化有机碳和脲酶活性较低密切相关.碳降解和甲烷代谢功能基因丰度与铵态氮和BG酶活性呈显著的正相关,与有机碳、全氮、易氧化有机碳、硝态氮和脲酶活性呈显著的负相关(P<0.05);③不同植被可直接影响土壤BG酶活性或影响土壤硝态氮含量从而间接作用于BG酶活性,从而操控碳循环相关功能基因丰度.研究有助于理解不同植被类型对黄土高原矿区土壤碳循环相关功能基因的影响,为矿区生态修复及生态固碳增汇提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Vegetation restoration can effectively improve the ecological environment of mining areas, enhance the ecological service function, and promote the carbon sequestration and sink increase in the ecosystem. The soil carbon cycle plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycle. The abundance of functional genes can predict the material cycling potential and metabolic characteristics of soil microorganisms. Previous studies on functional microorganisms have mainly focused on large ecosystems such as farmland, forest, and wetland, but relatively little attention has been paid to complex ecosystems with great anthropogenic interference and special functions, such as mines. Clarifying the succession and driving mechanism of functional microorganisms in reclaimed soil under the guidance of vegetation restoration is helpful to fully explore how functional microorganisms change with the change in abiotic and biotic conditions. Therefore, 25 topsoil samples were collected from grassland (GL), brushland (BL), coniferous forests (CF), broadleaf forests (BF), and mixed coniferous and broadleaf forests (MF) in the reclamation area of the Heidaigou open pit waste dump on the Loess Plateau. The absolute abundance of soil carbon cycle functional genes was determined using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR to explore the effect of vegetation restoration on the abundance of carbon cycle-related functional genes in soil and its internal mechanism. The results showed that:① the effects of different vegetation restoration types on the chemical properties of reclaimed soil and the abundance of functional genes related to the carbon cycle were significantly different (P<0.05). GL and BL showed significantly better accumulation of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen (P<0.05) than that in CF. ② The gene abundance of rbcL, acsA, and mct was the highest among all carbon fixation genes. The abundance of functional genes related to carbon cycle in BF soil was higher than that in other types, which was closely related to the high activity of ammonium nitrogen and BG enzymes and the low activity of readily oxidized organic carbon and urease in BF soil. The functional gene abundance of carbon degradation and methane metabolism was positively correlated with ammonium nitrogen and BG enzyme activity and negatively correlated with organic carbon, total nitrogen, readily oxidized organic carbon, nitrate nitrogen, and urease activity (P<0.05). ③ Different vegetation types could directly affect soil BG enzyme activity or affect soil nitrate nitrogen content, thus indirectly affecting BG enzyme activity, in turn manipulating the abundance of functional genes related to the carbon cycle. This study is helpful to understand the effects of different vegetation restoration types on the functional genes related to the carbon cycle in the soil of mining areas on the Loess Plateau and provides a scientific basis for ecological restoration and ecological carbon sequestration and sink enhancement in mining areas. |
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