| 牛粪还田对土壤微生物群落特征的影响 |
| 摘要点击 3049 全文点击 822 投稿时间：2022-03-10 修订日期：2022-06-04 |
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| 中文关键词 牛粪还田 高通量测序 土壤微生物群落 土壤性质 生物污染 |
| 英文关键词 cow manure returning to farmland high-throughput sequencing soil microbial community soil properties biological pollution |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 畜禽粪便还田对土壤质量产生了深刻影响，而土壤微生物是反映土壤质量的敏感指标.基于稀释平板计数和高通量测序技术，研究了牛粪还田区土壤微生物群落特征及其影响因素.结果表明，与对照点相比，牛粪还田区土壤微生物群落β多样性发生了显著变化；牛粪还田增加了变形杆菌门（Proteobacteria）的相对丰度，而减少了放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和芽单胞菌门（Gemmatimonadetes）的相对丰度；牛粪还田显著改变了土壤微生物群落中的鞘氨醇单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）、PLTA13属、MSB-4B10属、盐单胞菌属（Halomonas）、CCD24属、Gaiella属、节杆菌属（Arthrobacter）、芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）和Entotheonellaceae属的相对丰度；影响牛粪还田区土壤微生物群落组成的重要因素是土壤含水量和放线菌数量；牛粪还田增加了假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、梭状芽孢杆菌属（Clostridium）和链球菌属（Streptococcus）等病原菌的相对丰度，对土壤质量存在一定的生物污染风险.研究结果可为深入认识牛粪还田对土壤质量的影响提供数据支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Although livestock manure serves as an effective source of nutrients for agricultural purposes, it also causes an obvious risk of contamination of heavy metals and pathogens in soil. Soil microorganisms are always considered a sensitive indicator for the change in soil quality. However, knowledge of the effects of cow manure application on soil microbial community is still scarce. Therefore, the characteristics of the soil microbial community and its influencing factors in the farmland with cow manure application were studied using dilution plate counting and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the β diversity of the soil microbial community exhibited a significant difference between the cow manure application site and control site. The application of cow manure increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria but decreased the relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes. Furthermore, the cow manure application significantly changed the relative abundances of Sphingomonas,PLTA13, MSB-4B10, Halomonas, CCD24, Gaiella, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, and Entotheonellaceae. Both the content of soil water and actinomycete numbers were the important influencing factors of soil microbial community composition in the farmland with cow manure application. The cow manure application increased the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria including Pseudomonas, Clostridium, and Streptococcus, which may have resulted in potential risks of pathogenic contamination for soil quality. The findings of this study are useful for understanding the effects of cow manure application on soil quality in farmland. |
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