| 典型城市内河菌群组成与氮循环功能垂向分布及溯源分析 |
| 摘要点击 2687 全文点击 900 投稿时间：2022-04-23 修订日期：2022-06-12 |
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| 中文关键词 水体 沉积物 细菌 水动力 溯源 氮循环 |
| 英文关键词 water sediment bacteria hydrodynamics source tracking nitrogen metabolism |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 微生物在城市河流氮循环中发挥重要作用.由于河流的三维流动性，有必要明晰河流微生物组成和氮循环功能的垂向分布以及水动力因子对微生物来源和群落构建的影响.基于16S rRNA高通量测序技术，研究了北运河北京通州段水体和沉积物的细菌群落组成和氮循环功能，解析了环境要素和水动力因子对群落结构的影响，并对河流细菌进行了溯源.结果表明，沉积物细菌α多样性显著高于水体；从组成上来看，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）丰度最高，在水体和沉积物中的相对丰度分别为54.72%和32.36%.PICRUSt2功能解析表明，北运河有丰富的氮代谢功能，共获得47个氮代谢基因.水体和沉积物表现出相似的功能分布：反硝化作用、氮的同化和异化还原作用相关基因丰度较高，生物固氮和硝化作用相对较低.溯源分析表明，水体细菌来自上游、两岸和沉积物的比例分别为60.05%、37.93%和1.05%，而沉积物细菌来自上游、两岸和上覆水的比例分别为50.16%、45.55%和1.55%，细菌主要通过纵向和横向运移影响当地微生物群落的组成.环境因子、水动力因子和两者相互作用对水体细菌群落变化的解释率分别为44.22%、3.21%和15.60%；对沉积物细菌群落变化的解释率分别为13.05%、1.56%和8.51%，表明环境因子和水动力条件共同控制了河流垂向细菌群落的组成和氮循环功能，进而影响其生态效应. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Microorganisms play an important role in the urban river nitrogen cycle. Due to the three-dimensional fluidity of river water, it is necessary to clarify the vertical distribution of community composition and nitrogen metabolism functions of microorganisms and discover how hydrodynamic factors influence microorganism sources and community composition. Based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, the bacteria community composition and nitrogen metabolism function of water and sediment in the North Canal at Tongzhou District Beijing City were analyzed. The effect of environmental and hydrodynamic factors on community composition and sources were studied. The results showed that the α diversity of sediment was significantly higher than that of water. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum, which accounted for 54.72% and 32.36% in water and sediment, respectively. Functional prediction conducted using PICRUSt2 showed that the studied North Canal had an abundance of nitrogen metabolism ability, and 47 genes related to the nitrogen cycle were obtained. Water and sediment microorganisms had a similar distribution of nitrogen metabolism functions. The copy number of genes involved with denitrification, nitrogen assimilation, and dissimilation-reduction were high, whereas the abundance of genes related to biological nitrogen fixation and nitrification were relatively low. Source tracking analysis showed that bacteria in the water that originated from upstream, neighboring sides, and sediment were 60.05%, 37.93%, and 1.05%, respectively. The amounts of bacteria in sediment that migrated from upstream, neighboring sides, and water were 50.16%, 45.55%, and 1.55%, respectively. Environmental factors, hydrodynamic conditions, and their interactions explained water bacteria community composition for 44.22%, 3.21%, and 15.60%, respectively. For sediment bacteria, the degree of explanation was 13.05%, 1.56%, and 8.51%, respectively. This indicated that environmental factors and hydrodynamic factors controlled the community composition and nitrogen cycle functions together. |
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