改性壳聚糖负载氧化硅调控水稻对砷吸收与转运的影响 |
摘要点击 5709 全文点击 891 投稿时间:2021-11-15 修订日期:2022-01-07 |
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中文关键词 AS(Ⅴ) 壳聚糖 二氧化硅 叶面喷施 氧化应激 |
英文关键词 As(Ⅴ) chitosan silica foliar spraying oxidative stress |
作者 | 单位 | E-mail | 杨嘉仪 | 华南师范大学环境学院, 广州 510006 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广州 510530 广东省农田重金属污染土壤治理与修复工程技术研究中心, 广州 510530 | 935756004@qq.com | 孙梦强 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广州 510530 广东省农田重金属污染土壤治理与修复工程技术研究中心, 广州 510530 | | 肖羽堂 | 华南师范大学环境学院, 广州 510006 | | 韦行 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广州 510530 广东省农田重金属污染土壤治理与修复工程技术研究中心, 广州 510530 | | 张建强 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广州 510530 广东省农田重金属污染土壤治理与修复工程技术研究中心, 广州 510530 | | 陈志良 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广州 510530 广东省农田重金属污染土壤治理与修复工程技术研究中心, 广州 510530 | chenzhiliang@scies.org |
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中文摘要 |
通过天然生物质壳聚糖与有机硅制备壳聚糖负载氧化硅叶面喷施材料(NCSI),并将其应用于灌浆期临稻16、南粳2728、郑旱10号和农垦58,以探究其对水稻吸收砷(As)的影响.结果表明,在100 μmol·L-1五价砷[As (Ⅴ)]水培环境下,叶面喷施30 mL NCSI促进叶片As的累积,降低了根和籽粒As的累积.其中,叶面喷施NCSI后3 d,南粳2728、郑旱10号和农垦58籽粒As含量较空白组分别降低14.44%、21.66%和10.85%.同时,叶面喷施处理NCSI,提高了水稻叶片CAT和SOD酶的活性,并提高了GSH质量摩尔浓度,表明NCSI的喷施缓解As对水稻的胁迫,提高水稻对As耐受性,降低As对水稻的毒害作用.叶面喷施NCSI降低水稻籽粒As积累的主要作用机制可能是NCSI诱导叶片GSH生成,使更多的As (Ⅴ)还原为三价砷[As (Ⅲ)],从而促进As在叶片螯合,抑制As向籽粒迁移.因此,叶面喷施NCSI可作为一种叶面调控技术解决水稻As超标问题,为我国大米安全生产提供科学依据. |
英文摘要 |
Chitosan loaded with silica foliar spraying material (NCSI) was prepared using natural biomass chitosan and organic silicon and was applied to Lindao 16, Nanjing 2728, Zhenghan 10, and Nongken 58 at the rice filling stage to study the effects on arsenic (As) absorption in rice. The results showed that under a 100 μmol·L-1 pentavalent arsenic[As(Ⅴ)] hydroponic environment, foliar spraying of 30 mL NCSI on leaves promoted the accumulation of As in leaves and reduced the accumulation of As in roots and grains. Among them, the As contents of Nanjing 2728, Zhenghan 10, and Nongken 58 grains were decreased by 14.44%, 21.66%, and 10.85%, respectively, compared with those of the blank group on the 3rd day after spraying NCSI. Meanwhile, foliar spraying of NCSI improved the activities of CAT and SOD in rice leaves and increased the GSH content, indicating that the spraying of NCSI alleviated the stress of As on rice, improved the tolerance of rice to As, and reduced the toxicity of As to rice. The main mechanism of foliar application of NCSI to reduce As accumulation in rice grains may have been that NCSI induced GSH production in leaves, reducing more As(Ⅴ) to trivalent arsenic[As(Ⅲ)], thereby promoting As chelating in leaves and inhibiting As migration to grains. Therefore, foliar spraying of NCSI can be used as a foliar control technology to solve the problem of excessive As in rice and provide a scientific basis for the safe production of rice in China. |
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