| 嘉陵江滨岸带不同土地利用类型对土壤细菌群落多样性的影响 |
| 摘要点击 3588 全文点击 1131 投稿时间：2021-06-22 修订日期：2021-08-06 |
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| 中文关键词 土地利用类型 水分条件 土壤细菌 群落多样性 功能预测 |
| 英文关键词 land use type moisture condition soil bacteria community diversity functional prediction |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 通过明确嘉陵江滨岸带不同土地利用土壤细菌群落多样性的差异，为嘉陵江流域合理的土地开发和资源保护提供理论参考依据.在四川段嘉陵江滨岸带选取自然林地、农业用地、泥土湿地和沙土湿地这4种土地利用类型设置样地，基于第二代高通量测序技术研究不同土地利用类型土壤细菌群落的多样性、结构组成、功能类型及其影响因素.结果表明：①不同土地利用之间的土壤理化性质存在一定差异，农业用地和泥土湿地的各项营养指标显著高于自然林地和沙土湿地（P<0.05）.②沙土湿地与泥土湿地的Ace、Shannon和Chao指数显著高于自然林地与农业用地（P<0.05），各土地利用类型土壤细菌的Simpson指数差异显著（P<0.05）.③嘉陵江滨岸带土壤细菌的优势菌门为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteriota）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi），相对丰度占比65%以上.沙土湿地与泥土湿地之间的群落结构相近，与其它土地利用类型的土壤细菌群落结构存在着显著差异（P<0.05）.④一级功能新陈代谢是细菌群落的核心功能，占75%以上.农业活动对群落功能影响最大，显著提高了群落的氨基酸代谢和碳水化合物代谢功能，增强其对氮磷物质的利用，降低了能量代谢和辅酶维生素代谢功能，减弱细菌群落对环境影响的抗逆能力（P<0.05）.⑤总磷（TP）是土壤细菌群落的关键影响因子.综上所述，嘉陵江滨岸带构建湿地生境最有利于地下生态多样性发展和土壤生态系统稳定性. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The purpose of this study was to clarify the differences in soil bacterial community diversity in different land uses in the coastal zone of the Jialing River and to provide theoretical reference for reasonable land development and resource protection of the Jialing River basin. Based on second generation high-throughput sequencing technology, the diversity, structural composition, functional types, and influencing factors of soil bacterial communities in different land use types were analyzed. The results showed that:① there were some differences in soil physical and chemical properties among different land uses. The nutritional indexes of agricultural land and soil wetland were significantly higher than those of natural forest land and sandy soil wetland (P<0.05). ②The Ace, Shannon, and Chao indexes of sandy soil wetland and soil wetland were significantly higher than those of natural forest land and agricultural land (P<0.05). The Simpson index of soil bacteria in different land use types was significantly different (P<0.05). ③ The dominant phyla of soil bacteria in the coastal zone of the Jialing River were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriata, Acidobacteriata, and Chloroflexi, and the relative abundance accounted for more than 65%. The community structure of sandy soil wetland was similar to that of soil wetland and was significantly different from that of other land use types (P<0.05). ④ Primary functional metabolism was the core function of the bacterial community, accounting for more than 75%. Agricultural activities had the greatest impact on the community function, which significantly improved the metabolism of amino acids and carbohydrates, enhanced the utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus, reduced the metabolism of energy and coenzyme vitamins, and weakened the resistance of bacterial community to environmental impact (P<0.05). ⑤ Total phosphorus (TP) was the key influencing factor of the soil bacterial community. In conclusion, the construction of the wetland habitat in the Jialing River coastal zone is most conducive to the development of underground ecological diversity and the stability of the soil ecosystem. |
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