| 城市扬尘污染主要成因与精准治尘思路 |
| 摘要点击 3288 全文点击 1242 投稿时间：2021-07-11 修订日期：2021-08-29 |
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| 中文关键词 扬尘 颗粒物 污染防治 精细化 成因分析 |
| 英文关键词 fugitive dust particulate matter pollution prevention and control refine cause analysis |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李廷昆 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 中国气象局-南开大学大气环境与健康研究联合实验室, 国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室, 天津 300350 | Tingkunli1986@mail.nankai.edu.cn | | 冯银厂 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 中国气象局-南开大学大气环境与健康研究联合实验室, 国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室, 天津 300350 | fengyc@nankai.edu.cn | | 毕晓辉 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 中国气象局-南开大学大气环境与健康研究联合实验室, 国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室, 天津 300350 | | | 张裕芬 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 中国气象局-南开大学大气环境与健康研究联合实验室, 国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室, 天津 300350 | | | 吴建会 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 中国气象局-南开大学大气环境与健康研究联合实验室, 国家环境保护城市空气颗粒物污染防治重点实验室, 天津 300350 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 扬尘是城市环境空气颗粒物的重要贡献源.为进一步提升扬尘污染防治水平，梳理总结了城市扬尘排放与贡献特征，剖析了城市扬尘污染的主要成因，明确主要起尘情景和关键控制指标，并针对性提出主要防治措施建议，以进一步完善"精准治尘"的思路.各扬尘源类中，道路扬尘和施工扬尘是对城市环境空气颗粒物贡献的主要源类，其中通常以道路更为突出.生产活动、车辆扰动和风蚀是各类扬尘源的主要起尘情景.道路扬尘防治应以积尘负荷为关键控制指标，施工等其他扬尘源以场地内道路积尘负荷和裸露土壤（物料）面积为关键控制指标.围绕关键指标，进一步明确了控制道路积尘负荷的3种主要途径和控制施工等其他扬尘源的6项主要措施.此外，还针对扬尘治理所需保障措施提出了建议，为城市扬尘防治的实践应用提供参考. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Fugitive dust poses an important contribution to urban air particulate matter in China. To further improve the level of dust pollution prevention and control, the emission and contribution characteristics of urban fugitive dust were summarized; the main causes of dust pollution were analyzed; and the key links, key indicators, and main measures for prevention and control were clarified, so as to further improve the concept of "accurate dust control." Among all types of fugitive dust sources, road dust and construction dust were the main emission and contribution sources, among which road dust was more prominent. Production activities, vehicle disturbances, and wind erosion were the main dust-generating links of various dust sources. Silt loading was taken as the key control index for road dust prevention and control, whereas silt loading and bare soil (or material) areas were taken as the key control index for construction and other dust sources. Around the key indicators, three main ways to control the road dust and six main measures to control the construction and other dust sources were defined. In addition, some suggestions on the necessary supporting measures for dust control were put forward, so as to provide a comprehensive and beneficial reference for the practical application of dust control in Chinese cities. |
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