| 不同施肥处理对东北黑土温室气体排放的短期影响 |
| 摘要点击 3483 全文点击 1187 投稿时间：2017-08-31 修订日期：2017-10-20 |
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| 中文关键词 施肥 黑土 温室气体 硝化作用 反硝化作用 |
| 英文关键词 fertilization black soil greenhouse gas nitrification denitrification |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以东北耕作黑土为对象，在25℃和60%最大持水量（WHC）条件下开展为期7 d的室内培养试验，研究了不同施肥处理对东北黑土温室气体排放的短期影响.结果表明，与不施肥对照处理相比，单施氮肥对土壤呼吸释放的CO2没有影响，而在施用氮肥的基础上配施有机物料使得CO2排放量提高了一个数量级，氮肥配施秸秆对CO2排放的促进效果大于氮肥配施猪粪.短期培养时间内施用氮肥对N2O排放没有显著影响，硝化作用是对照处理和单施氮肥处理土壤排放N2O的主要过程.与单施氮肥处理相比，氮肥配施猪粪或秸秆显著促进了反硝化过程，使得N2O排放量提高了两个数量级，氮肥配施秸秆处理的N2O排放量显著大于氮肥配施猪粪处理.单施氮肥抑制了CH4的排放，表现为对CH4的微量吸收，而氮肥配施猪粪或秸秆则显著促进了CH4的排放. |
| 英文摘要 |
| A 7-day incubation experiment was conducted at 25℃ with 60% water holding capacity (WHC) to study the short-term effects of different fertilization treatments on the regularity of greenhouse gas emissions from northeast black soil. The results showed that application of chemical N fertilizer had no effect on CO2 emission, as compared with the non-fertilizer control treatment; however, a combined application of N fertilizer with pig manure or straw increased CO2 emissions by one magnitude compared to that of the chemical N fertilizer treatment, with the effect of chemical N fertilizer and straw being more prominent. Nitrification was the main process resulting in N2O emission for the non-fertilizer control and chemical N fertilizer treatments, and the application of chemical N fertilizer had no significant effect on N2O emission, as compared with the non-fertilizer control. The combined application of N fertilizer with pig manure or straw promoted the occurrence of denitrification and increased N2O emissions by two magnitudes compared to that of the chemical N fertilizer treatment, with the effect of chemical N fertilizer with straw being more remarkable. Compared with the non-fertilizer control, the application of chemical N fertilizer inhibited CH4 emissions and promoted the slightly absorption of CH4, while the combined application of chemical N fertilizer with pig manure or straw increased significantly the emission of CH4. |
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