| 长江口潮滩表层沉积物中微塑料的分布及沉降特点 |
| 摘要点击 4717 全文点击 1388 投稿时间：2017-09-04 修订日期：2017-10-26 |
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| 中文关键词 微塑料 潮滩沉积物 季度特征 沉降特点 长江口 |
| 英文关键词 microplastics surface sediment seasonal patterns distribution Yangtze estuary |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 河口区域是污染物的源头与交汇的区域.为探索微塑料在长江口潮滩的污染现状，本文选取长江口6个采样点、4个季度的潮滩沉积物进行采样分析，长江口潮滩沉积物中微塑料检测结果显示的平均丰度为（3.42±1.31）items·g-1，有纤维状和碎片状两种存在形式，其中纤维状占主要部分.微塑料在潮滩沉积物中的分布与沉降和长江口冲淤情况有着高度一致性，在沉积物冲刷地段位点微塑料丰度较低，在沉积物淤积位点微塑料丰度较高.长江口潮滩沉积物中微塑料丰度在1月达到最高值，且在1月和4月各位点差异较大，在7月和11月差异较小.再悬浮实验表明，微塑料主要在表层沉积物和水中积聚.本文结果表明，长江口潮滩沉积物受到一定程度的微塑料污染，微塑料在潮滩的积聚与长江口冲淤、降水和潮汐等因素密切相关.本文的结果可以为长江口潮滩表层沉积物中微塑料的污染研究提供一定的基础数据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study is designed to understand the microplastic contamination in the coastal area of Yangtze estuary. The abundance and distribution profiles of microplastics in the surface sediment of six sampling sites along the Yangtze estuary were examined throughout one year. The detected average concentration of microplastic, including fibers and fragments, in the surface sediment of Yangtze estuary was (3.42±1.31) items ·g-1 (DW). Sampling during four seasons, in the months of January, April, July, and November, indicated that the highest abundance of microplastics in Yangtze estuary surface sediment occurred in January. A re-suspension experiment showed that microplastics tend to settle in the surface sediment after re-suspension. The distribution and settlement of microplastics along the coastal area has a high concordance with the dynamic erosion-accretion process of the Yangtze estuary. Microplastics tend to settle in accretion sites rather than in erosion sites. |
