| 基于台架测试的我国船用柴油机废气排放因子 |
| 摘要点击 3186 全文点击 1580 投稿时间：2016-03-30 修订日期：2016-04-29 |
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| 中文关键词 水路运输 船用柴油机 废气排放 基于燃油的排放因子 基于做功的排放因子 |
| 英文关键词 water-borne transportation marine diesel engine exhaust emissions fuel-based emission factor energy-based emission factor |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于燃油消耗和基于船舶活动两种方法准确测算我国水路运输行业的废气排放量，对我国生产的分别满足国际海事组织（International Maritime Organization，IMO）NOx TierⅠ、TierⅡ标准的76台和113台船用柴油机母型机排放测试报告进行了统计分析，研究确定了二冲程主机、四冲程主机和四冲程副机NOx、CO、HC和CO2基于燃油的排放因子和基于做功的排放因子. 结果表明，不同类型柴油机NOx、CO、HC和CO2基于燃油的排放因子分别为30.67~76.55、3.01~6.13、1.25~2.24和3141.15~3165.63 kg·t-1；不同类型柴油机NOx、CO、HC和CO2基于做功的排放因子分别为6.83~13.64、0.61~1.35、0.21~0.50和534.04~745.18 g·（kW·h）-1. 不同类型柴油机基于做功的排放因子与柴油机负荷密切相关，并可用幂函数或二次多项式来表达其关系；另外，通过对国外机构采用的排放因子进行简单的修正难以真实反映我国船用柴油机排放技术水平. 相关研究结果为我国船舶排放清单的测算提供了具有适用性的基础数据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Water-borne transportation plays an important role in the economic and social development and contributes greatly to air pollution in China as well. An effective regulating policy is dependent on accurate estimation in terms of sorts, quantification and location of emissions. However, there is insufficient real and reliable data source for China's marine diesel engines and vessels. In order to employ fuel-based approach and ship activity-based approach to estimate accurately the exhaust emissions from water-borne transportation sector in China, emission factors of different types of marine diesel engines were investigated. Based on statistical analysis on Parent Engine emission test reports of 76 and 113 marine diesel engines manufactured by China's engine makers in accordance with IMO NOx TierⅠ and TierⅡ standards respectively as defined in MARPOL(International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships) Annex VI, abnormal data were statistically identified and eliminated by Grubbs' criterion method, fuel-based emission factors and energy-based emission factors of NOx, CO, HC and CO2 for 2-Stroke main engines, 4-Stroke main engines and 4-Stroke auxiliary engines were determined respectively. The results showed that fuel-based emission factors of NOx, CO, HC and CO2 for different types of marine diesel engines were 30.67-76.55, 3.01-6.13, 1.25-2.24 and 3141.15-3165.63 kg·t-1 respectively. Energy-based emission factors of NOx, CO, HC and CO2 for different types of marine diesel engines were 6.83-13.64, 0.61-1.35, 0.21-0.50 and 534.04-745.18 g·(kW·h)-1 respectively. In addition, the relationships of energy-based emission factors against engine load were expressed by power function or quadratic polynomial and the algorithm coefficients were determined. In addition, it is difficult to obtain the true emission levels of marine diesel engines in China through simple modification of emission factors reported by foreign institutes. In particular,considering the diversity of diesel engines onboard China's coastal and inland vessels, more samples and tests in terms of types and operational conditions are necessary to provide basic data for marine emission inventories in China. The results could provide applicable data for estimation of marine emissions in China. |
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