| 电子垃圾拆解区土壤重金属空间异质性及分布特征 |
| 摘要点击 4057 全文点击 1687 投稿时间：2016-01-14 修订日期：2016-03-21 |
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| 中文关键词 电子垃圾 重金属 空间特征 地统计学 Moran's Ⅰ GIS |
| 英文关键词 E-waste heavy metals spatial characteristics geostatistics Moran's Ⅰ GIS |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 在温岭电子垃圾拆解较为集中的区域系统采集90个土壤样品，研究土壤重金属的污染特征及空间异质性. 结果表明，土壤重金属Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb和Ni的平均含量分别为0.38、35.13、121.38、35.40和28.13 mg·kg-1，与背景值相比较，这些重金属在研究区均有不同程度的累积，与国家二级标准相比，土壤重金属局部污染严重，尤其土壤Cd污染极为明显. 土壤重金属Cd和Pb属于高度变异，其变异系数分别为121.05%和109.38%，其他重金属属于中度变异. 地统计学空间插值和局部Moran's Ⅰ指数结果表明土壤Cd、Cu、Zn和Pb的高值主要分布在大溪镇和泽国镇，这与电子垃圾拆解和其他的人为活动有关. 土壤Ni的分布特征主要受到土壤母质的影响. 重金属污染对当地生态和居民健康存在潜在的威胁. |
| 英文摘要 |
| A total of 90 soil samples were collected from the study area. The spatial variation of soil heavy metals and their spatial distribution characteristics were studied. The results indicated that the mean soil concentrations of five heavy metals including Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni were 0.38, 35.13, 121.38, 35.40 and 28.13 mg·kg-1, respectively. Compared with the background values in Zhejiang, the heavy metals were enriched in paddy soils of the study area. Part of study area was seriously contaminated by heavy metals. For the soil Cd, it had obvious contamination characteristics with a high Pi Avevalue (>1). The Cd, and Pb concentrations in paddy soil had strong coefficients of variance (C.V.): 121.05% and 109.38%, respectively. Soil pH and organic matter (SOM) had significant correlations with most of the total heavy metals and their available fractions in soils. The total heavy metals and their available fractions also had strong correlations, such as total Cd and available Cd in soils. Geostatistics and the Local Moran's Ⅰ were used to identify the contaminated hotspots of these five metals. It was found out that the high soil Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb were located in Daxi and Zeguo towns, which could be attributed to E-waste dismantling and other anthropogenic activities. Soil Ni was mainly influenced by the parent material. The heavy metals in soils may pose a potential threat to local ecosystem and human health. |
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