| 黑岱沟露天煤矿排土场不同植被复垦土壤酶活性及理化性质研究 |
| 摘要点击 4027 全文点击 1675 投稿时间：2015-05-20 修订日期：2015-10-20 |
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| 中文关键词 黑岱沟露天煤矿 植被恢复方式 土壤酶活性 通径分析 杨树 沙棘 |
| 英文关键词 Heidaigou opencast coal mine vegetation restoration soil enzyme activities path analysis poplar seabuckthorn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以黑岱沟露天煤矿排土场不同植被恢复方式下复垦土壤为研究对象,主要分析了沙棘、紫穗槐、杨树和沙棘杨树混交林以及玉米这5种人工植被下土壤的基本理化性质和蔗糖酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶这3种水解酶的活性,并通过简单相关分析和通径分析研究了土壤基本理化性质与酶活性之间的相关关系,揭示了不同植被恢复下土壤酶活性差异的驱动因子,为该区复垦植物的选择及复垦效果评价提供科学合理的建议与参考. 结果表明:①5种人工植被恢复下排土场土壤基本理化性质得到改善,土壤酶活性有一定提高,但仍未达到天然草地的水平; ②沙棘的有机碳和全氮含量最接近草地,达到草地的54.22%和70.00%,且其容重比最大容重紫穗槐的低17.09%,表现出复垦优势; 与沙棘林相比,杨树林的土壤有机碳和全氮比沙棘分别低35.64%和32.14%,容重比沙棘林高16.79%; ③不同植被间土壤碱性磷酸酶活性差异不大,而土壤脲酶活性能更敏感地反映不同植被恢复对土壤性质的影响. ④排土场复垦土壤有机碳和全氮含量的提高,是排土场肥力恢复和生物活性提高的主要原因. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Choosing the soils under different vegetation recovery of Heidaigou dump as the research objects, we mainly analyzed their basic physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities with the method of Analysis of Variance as well as their relations using Pearson correlation analysis and path analysis hoping to uncover the driving factors of the differences between soil enzyme activities under different vegetation restoration, and provide scientific suggestions for the plant selection as well as make a better evaluation to the reclamation effect. The results showed that: ① Although the artificial vegetation restoration improved the basic physical and chemical properties of the soils while increasing their enzyme activities to a certain extent, the soil conditions still did not reach the level of the natural grassland;② Contents of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (TN) of the seabuckthorns were the nearest to those of the grassland, which reached 54.22% and 70.00% of those of the grassland. In addition, the soil bulk density of the seabuckthorns stand was 17.09% lower than the maximum value of the amorpha fruitcosa land. The SOC and TN contents as well as the bulk density showed that seabuckthorns had advantages as the species for land reclamation of this dump; Compared with the seabuckthorn, the pure poplar forest had lower contents of SOC and TN respectively by 35.64% and 32.14% and displayed a 16.79% higher value of soil bulk density;③ The activities of alkaline phosphotase under different types of vegetation rehabilitation had little variation. But soil urease activities was more sensitive to reflect the effects of vegetation restoration on soil properties;④ Elevation of the SOC and TN turned out to be the main cause for soil fertility restoration and increased biological activities of the dump. |
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