| 合肥城郊典型源头溪流不同渠道形态的氮磷滞留特征 |
| 摘要点击 4008 全文点击 1810 投稿时间：2014-02-13 修订日期：2014-04-03 |
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| 中文关键词 源头溪流 氮磷滞留 养分螺旋 暂态存储区 OTIS模型 渠道形态 |
| 英文关键词 headwater stream nitrogen and phosphorus retention nutrient spiraling transient storage zone OTIS (one-dimensional transport with inflow and storage) model channel forms |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为揭示源头溪流中深潭和曲折沟渠两种典型渠道形态的氮磷养分滞留特征，在合肥城郊二十埠河的某一级支流上，以NH4Cl和KH2PO4为添加营养盐，以NaCl为保守型示踪剂，开展现场示踪实验. 在此基础上，利用OTIS模型软件、暂态存储参数和养分螺旋原理，解析深潭和曲折沟渠氮磷滞留特征. 结果表明：1 深潭的As值较曲折沟渠大，但其α值则较弯曲沟渠小1个数量级，而且As和α值随水文条件变化均不显著；2 深潭中主渠道流动水体的NH4+-λ较其暂态存储区的NH4+-λs高2~3个数量级，曲折沟渠的NH4+-λ与NH4+-λs数值较为接近；3 深潭中NH4+-Vf较SRP-Vf高1~2个数量级，而在曲折沟渠中，不仅NH4+-Vf与SRP-Vf数值较为相近，NH4+-Sw与SRP-Sw也基本相当；4 深潭的NH4+-U较SRP-U高出2~3个数量级，曲折沟渠NH4+-U则较SRP-U高出1~2个数量级；5 总的来说，在对NH4+和SRP滞留影响方面，深潭和曲折沟渠存在较大的差异性，且在深潭中NH4+的滞留效应显著超过SRP. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To investigate the characteristics of ammonium and phosphorus retention in two typical channel forms, deep pool and winding ditch in headwater stream, four field tracer experiments were conducted in a first-order stream of Ershibu River in Hefei suburban, in which a solution of biologically active (NH4Cl and KH2PO4) and conservative (NaCl) tracers was released to the head of each reach at a constant rate. According to the data sets of tracer experiments, mechanisms of ammonium and phosphorus retention were interpreted by using OTIS model code, transient storage metrics and nutrient spiraling theory. Study results showed that: 1 The value of As in deep pool was larger than that in winding ditch, whereas its value of hydrological parameter α was lower by an order of magnitude than that of winding ditch; 2 The value of NH4+-λ in main channel was higher by two to three orders of magnitude than that of NH4+-λsin transient storage zone in deep pool, but in winding ditch the two parameters were closer in terms of numerical size; 3 In deep pool, the value of NH4+-Vf was higher by an order of magnitude than that of SRP-Vf, in winding ditch, however, not only the two values of NH4+-Vf and SRP-Vf were close to each other, but NH4+-Sw was nearly equal to SRP-Sw in numerical size as well; 4 The value of NH4+-U was larger by two to three orders of magnitude than that of SRP-U in deep pool, whereas in winding ditch NH4+-U was just larger by one to two orders of magnitude than SRP-U in size; 5 In general, significant difference existed between deep pool and winding ditch in the effect on ammonium and phosphorus retention, and marked retention efficiency was observed for ammonium rather than SRP in deep pool. |
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