| 表面活性剂及其组合洗脱污染土壤中的硫丹 |
| 摘要点击 3552 全文点击 1722 投稿时间：2012-11-10 修订日期：2012-12-17 |
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| 中文关键词 表面活性剂 硫丹 污染土壤 洗脱 动力学特征 |
| 英文关键词 surfactant endosulfan contaminated soil elution dynamic characteristic |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 熊佰炼 | 西南大学资源环境学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆 400715 | xblxnq@126.com | | 郑国灿 | 重庆出入境检验检疫局,重庆 400020 | | | 张进忠 | 西南大学资源环境学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆 400715
重庆市农业资源与环境重点实验室,重庆 400716 | jzhzhang@swu.edu.cn | | 邢赜 | 西南大学资源环境学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆 400715 | | | 徐卫红 | 西南大学资源环境学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆 400715 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 采用序批实验和并行解吸法,研究了添加和不添加Na2SiO3两种情况下,非离子表面活性剂和阴/非离子混合表面活性剂对污染老化土壤中α-、β-硫丹的洗脱效果与动力学特征. 结果表明,不添加Na2SiO3时,α-、β-硫丹的洗脱率顺序为Tween 80/SDS>Tween 80>Triton X-100. Triton X-100/SDS在100~500 mg·L-1和800~1000 mg·L-1时的洗脱率分别低于和高于相应浓度的Triton X-100; 添加Na2SiO3后,硫丹的洗脱率顺序为Tween 80/SDS>Tween 80>Triton X-100/SDS>Triton X-100,4种洗脱模式对硫丹的洗脱能力均显著提高,其中α-硫丹的洗脱率分别是不加Na2SiO3的1.17~2.73、1.87~4.02、1.85~6.56和1.87~2.85倍. 硫丹的洗脱过程可用4参数2室一级动力学模型描述,存在明显的快速洗脱和慢速洗脱阶段; β-硫丹的洗脱速率和洗脱率均低于相应处理的α-硫丹,表明β-硫丹较难从土壤中洗脱; 添加Na2SiO3可增大硫丹的快速和慢速洗脱速率常数,减少慢速洗脱的百分率. 与其它洗脱模式比较,添加Na2SiO3的Tween 80/SDS能够高效、快速洗脱污染土壤中的硫丹,是一种优良的混合洗脱剂. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The elution efficiency and dynamic characteristic of endosulfan from the contaminated soil were studied using non-ionic surfactants and anionic/non-ionic surfactants in the presence or absence of Na2SiO3 with batch experiment and parallel desorption experiment. The results showed that the elution percents of α-, β-endosulfan followed a decreasing order of Tween 80/SDS, Tween 80 and Triton X-100 in the absence of Na2SiO3, while that by Triton X-100/SDS at low concentration (100-500 mg·L-1) and high concentration (800-1000 mg·L-1) were lower and higher than those by the corresponding concentrations of Triton X-100, respectively. The elution efficiencies for four elution modes obviously increased in the presence of Na2SiO3, and the elution percents of α-, β-endosulfan followed a decreasing order of Tween 80/SDS, Tween 80, Triton X-100/SDS and Triton X-100, and that of α-endosulfan were as 1.17-2.73, 1.87-4.02, 1.85-6.56 and 1.87-2.85 times as that in the absence of Na2SiO3. The elution process of endosulfan could be described by a 4-parameter biphasic first-order kinetic model, and obviously showed a rapid elution phase and a slow elution phase. Both of the elution percent and elution rate of β-endosulfan were lower than those of α-endosulfan, which indicated that β-endosulfan was difficult to be eluted from soil. The addition of Na2SiO3 could increase the rate constants of rapid elution and slow elution, and decrease the slow elution percent. Compared with other elution modes, Tween 80/SDS in the presence of Na2SiO3 could elute endosulfan from soil more effectively and rapidly, and shown as a fine mixed eluent for endosulfan. |
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