| 温州城市降雨径流磷的负荷及其初始冲刷效应 |
| 摘要点击 3881 全文点击 1793 投稿时间：2011-10-31 修订日期：2012-02-18 |
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| 中文关键词 磷 降雨径流 场次降雨污染物平均浓度 初期冲刷效应 温州 |
| 英文关键词 phosphorus runoff EMC first flush Wenzhou City |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 监测了温州2个采样区5场较为典型的降雨过程,测定了不同下垫面径流pH值以及总磷(TP)、溶解态磷(DP)、颗粒态磷(PP)、总无机碳(TIC)、总有机碳(TOC)、总悬浮颗粒(TSS)、BOD5、COD的含量.结果表明,温州城市降雨径流中TP、DP以及PP含量分别介于0.01~4.32 mg ·L-1、ND~0.88 mg ·L-1以及ND~4.31 mg ·L-1之间,径流初期阶段PP占绝对主导地位,而在整个径流过程的中后期,大部分降雨径流中DP占TP的比重呈现出一个上升的趋势,屋面径流和汇流口径流这一情况尤其明显.从TP和DP的EMC值来判断,有些城市降雨径流会对下级受纳水体造成环境压力.同时,不同城市降雨径流中TP以及DP含量之间的差异显著,而不同的降雨条件也会影响降雨径流中磷的含量.根据M(V)累积曲线判断,TP初期冲刷效应在城市降雨径流中是较为普遍的; 与TP相比,城市降雨径流中的DP比较难发生初始冲刷的情况.城市降雨径流中总磷的含量不但受下垫面类型的影响,而且与径流各种理化指标之间呈现出显著的相关关系.所有结果皆指出针对不同下垫面径流磷污染的治理工作应采用不同的最佳管理方案(BMPs),而降低径流TSS含量是削减其磷负荷的有效途径之一. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Five typical rainfalls were monitored in two different research areas of Wenzhou municipality. The pH and concentrations of total phosphorus (TP), dissolved phosphorus (DP), particulate phosphorus (PP), total inorganic carbon (TIC), total organic carbon (TOC), total suspended substances (TSS), BOD5 and COD in six different kinds of urban runoff were measured. The results showed that, the concentrations of TP, DP and PP in different kinds of urban runoff of Wenzhou ranged from 0.01 to 4.32 mg ·L-1, ND to 0.88 mg ·L-1 and ND to 4.31 mg ·L-1, respectively. In the early stages of runoff process PP was dominated, while in the later, the proportion of DP in most of the runoff samples would show a rising trend, especially in roof and outlet runoff. Judged by the event mean concentration (EMC) of TP and DP in these five rainfalls, some kinds of urban runoff could cause environmental pressure to the next level receiving water bodies. Meanwhile, the differences among the TP and DP content (maximum, minimum and mean content) in various urban runoffs were significant, and so were the differences among various rainfall events. According to the M (V) curve, the first flush effect of TP in most kinds of urban runoff was common; while the first flush effect of DP was more difficult to occur comparing with TP. Not only the underlying surface types but also many physico-chemical properties of runoff could affect the concentration of TP in urban runoff. All the results also suggested that different best management plans (BMPs) should be selected for various urban runoff types for the treatment of phosphorus pollution, and reducing the concentration of TSS is considered as one of the effective ways to decrease the pollution load of phosphorus in urban runoff. |
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