| 北京城区与下游地区臭氧对比研究 |
| 摘要点击 4134 全文点击 3134 投稿时间：2010-04-16 修订日期：2010-05-14 |
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| 中文关键词 臭氧 双峰 输送 区域污染 AOT40 |
| 英文关键词 ozone double peak transport regional air pollution AOT40 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 2005年6月～2006年9月，分别在北京城区和兴隆对臭氧和气象要素进行了连续观测. 结果表明，除冬季外，北京地区臭氧的产生和消耗速度明显高于兴隆；期间北京和兴隆观测到的臭氧最大值(体积分数)分别为198.9×10-9和151.2×10-9. 臭氧超过国家二级标准的时数两地分别为171 h和255 h，北京城区90%以上集中在16:00前，而兴隆夜间臭氧污染占82%. 受到北京输送的影响，兴隆臭氧日变化的最高值出现时间比北京晚3～4 h，但是冬季兴隆受到的影响较小. 兴隆观测到的超标事件与北京的输送具有良好的相关性，持续稳定的天气条件和昼夜循环的局地环流可以导致兴隆臭氧持续积累，并在夜间形成臭氧“双峰”现象. 兴隆的AOT40分别为23.1×10-6×h、 26.5×10-6×h、 14.1×10-6×h，表明北京对下游区域的农业产生具有严重影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In this study ozone and meteorological factors were measured at an urban station and a downwind rural station around Beijing from June 2005 to September 2006. The ozone at urban station exhibited stronger diurnal and seasonal variations than that at the rural station. The maximum concentrations of ozone were 198.9×10-9 and 151.2×10-9 at Beijing and Xinglong, while there were 171 hours and 255 hours in which ozone exceeded the China’s norm, respectively. 90% of the exceeding occurrences happened before 16:00 in Beijing, while more than 82% happened at night in Xinglong. The peak concentration of ozone at Xinglong in the diurnal cycle was 3-4 hours lag of that at Beijing because of the influence of air mass from Beijing. Double ozone peaks phenomena can be found at Xinglong due to the mountain-valley breezes especially in the summertime. Stagnant meteorological conditions and mountain-valley breezes can cause ozone accumulation at downwind areas. The AOT40 values were 23.1×10-6×h, 26.5×10-6×h, and 14.1×10-6×h in spring, summer and autumn respectively at Xinglong, which could cause more than 30% lose in wheat yields. |
