| 荷电超滤膜对天然有机物去除及膜污染行为的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2878 全文点击 2932 投稿时间：2009-07-29 修订日期：2009-12-03 |
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| 中文关键词 荷电超滤膜 天然有机物 腐殖酸 截留率 通量 膜污染 |
| 英文关键词 charged ultrafiltration membrane natural organic matter humic acid rejection coefficient flux membrane fouling |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 随着水源污染的加剧和水质标准的提高，超滤成为替代饮用水常规处理技术的最佳选择之一.然而，由于超滤膜的截留相对分子质量相对于水中天然有机物（NOM）的相对分子质量较大，导致它对NOM的去除率不高；同时，膜污染的存在严重制约了超滤技术的更广泛应用.本研究比较了中性未改性再生纤维素膜（RC）和荷负电改性再生纤维素膜过滤腐殖酸溶液和原水中天然有机物时的截留率和通量变化，并进行了膜阻力的分析.相对分子质量100×103的未改性RC膜对腐殖酸的初始截留率为59%，超滤4 h时的通量下降为32%；而相应的荷负电改性RC膜对腐殖酸的初始截留率提高到92％，通量下降为25%.较未改性中性RC膜，荷负电改性RC膜对原水中NOM的去除增加了20％，而超滤2.5 h时通量下降减少了12%.结果表明，荷电超滤膜不仅可利用超滤膜对NOM通过筛分作用原理进行截留，还可充分利用NOM和膜之间的静电相互排斥作用来有效提高对NOM的去除，同时降低膜污染阻力，使得膜通量下降减少. |
| 英文摘要 |
| With the deterioration of water pollution and stringency of water standards, ultrafiltration (UF) has become one of the best alternatives replacing conventional drinking water treatment technologies. However, UF is not very effectively to remove natural organic matter (NOM) due to the comparatively large pore size compared to the size of NOM. Fouling issue is another factor that restricts its widespread application. The rejection coefficient and flux decline during ultrafiltration of humic acid (HA) and raw water through neutral unmodified and negatively charge-modified regenerated cellulose (RC) membranes were investigated, and the analysis for membrane resistance was provided. The initial removal rate for HA is 59% and the flux decline is 32% on neutral unmodified RC membrane with MWCO of 100×103, while the initial removal rate for HA increases to 92% and the flux decline decreases to 25% on negatively charge-modified RC membrane. Compared to neutral unmodified RC membrane, the removal rate for NOM on negatively charge-modified RC membrane increases 20% and the flux decline decreases 12%. Results indicated that charged UF membrane could be an effective way for better removal of NOM and reduction of the membrane fouling due to the electrostatic interaction with the combination effect of membrane pore size. |
