| 基于覆盖水量的监测点优化选址法的缺陷与改进 |
| 摘要点击 2170 全文点击 2982 投稿时间：2009-02-21 修订日期：2009-04-23 |
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| 中文关键词 给水管网 监测点 优化选址 遗传算法 安全供水 |
| 英文关键词 water distribution systems monitoring optimal location genetic algorithm water-supply safety |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 研究了给水管网水质监测点选址的方法，分析了覆盖水量法存在的缺陷，针对这一缺陷，提出了一种基于覆盖水量指数的改进方法，在评价节点的代表性时，该方法同时考虑了总覆盖水量和覆盖水量时间分布对节点代表性的影响，提高了管网水质监测点优化选择的准确度和监测数据的代表性.为了提高优化问题求解的速度，采用了遗传算法求解水质监测点优化选址问题，并将此两类方法应用于2个案例管网.对于案例中的管网，采用布设7个监测点，可有效监控所有95个节点中85%以上的管网水量.同时，实际案例管网的应用表明，与覆盖水量法相比，覆盖水量指数法的计算结果具有更好的代表性，基于此建立的给水管网在线监测网络能够更好地代表管网的水质情况. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The method of locating online sensor on a water distribution system for monitoring water quality was investigated. A flaw of demand coverage method was identified. To overcome this flaw, a demand coverage index based method was proposed in this paper. The demand coverage index method evaluates a node’s representativeness by taking both the total amount of demand coverage and its temporal distribution into account. This increases the calculation accuracy and data representativeness. In order to increase the speed of optimization, a genetic algorithm was employed to solve the optimization problem in this work. Two example water distribution systems were employed to evaluate the performances of both methods. It was obtained that more than 85% of node demand can be covered by 7 monitoring stations for the example water distribution system with 95 nodes. Example applications show that results from this method have better representativeness than the one from demand coverage method. An online monitoring network based on optimal locations obtained from demand coverage method can better represent water quality of the distribution systems. |
