| 共存氯离子对饮用水纳滤除氟的影响研究 |
| 摘要点击 2849 全文点击 1412 投稿时间：2008-03-27 修订日期：2008-06-18 |
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| 中文关键词 纳滤 除氟 饮用水 共存氯离子 |
| 英文关键词 nanofiltration membrane defluoridation drinking water co-existing chloride |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 采用深井地下水配水试验研究了高氟饮用水纳滤除氟的可行性、膜污染及共存氯离子浓度对纳滤除氟的影响.结果表明，纳滤对原水中的所有共存阴离子均有截留效果，原水F-浓度低于6 mg/L，纳滤出水的F-浓度低于1.2 mg/L，能满足农村地区的生活饮用水标准.随着F-浓度的增加，其截留率下降；进水共存Cl-浓度的增加，F-的截留率呈下降的趋势，F-的截留率降低的百分数在Cl-每增加1个mol数和氟离子增加0.1个mol数时相当，当Cl-浓度>220 mg/L时，F-的截留率有所上升，但变化没有达到显著水平.环境扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析和X-射线衍射(XRD)对膜污染成分分析表明，膜污染主要是晶体颗粒形状规则的无机碳酸钙，柠檬酸+氨水清洗可有效清除污染成分，恢复膜通量. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The influence of co-existing chloride to defluoridation of groundwater using nanofiltration membrane and membrane fouling were studied. The results show that nanofiltration has retention effect to all co-existing anion. When influent fluoride concentration was less than 6 mg/L, the fluoride concentration in permeated water was less than 1.2 mg/L which could reach the drinking water standard in rural area. The fluoride retention rate decreases with the increase of influent fluoride concentration or co-existing chloride concentration. The decreasing percentage of fluoride retention rate is the same when Cl- concentration increased 1 mol or F- concentration increased 0.1 mol. The fluoride retention rate increased when influent chloride concentration exceeded 220 mg/L. But the variation had no significant change. Environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and its energetic chart analysis apparatus, X-ray diffration(XRD) analysis showed that the main fouling component was CaCO3. The fouling membrane could be recovered flux using citric acid and ammonia cleaning method. |
