| 我国不同类型稀土矿区环境卫生学调查──矿区农民自然生活环境和头发中稀土水平 |
| 摘要点击 1507 全文点击 1490 投稿时间：1994-12-14 |
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| 中文关键词 稀土元素 土壤 水 天然食物 植物性食物 人发 摄入量 高暴露人群 |
| 英文关键词 rare earth elements soil well water natural plant human head hair estimated exposure dose highly exposed group |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 卢国珵 | 北京医科大学环境卫生教研室, 北京 100083 | | 高兆华 | 北京医科大学环境卫生教研室, 北京 100083 | | 孟玉秀 | 北京医科大学环境卫生教研室, 北京 100083 | | 陈清 | 北京医科大学环境卫生教研室, 北京 100083 | | 任淑英 | 北京医科大学环境卫生教研室, 北京 100083 | | 汤锡珂 | 中国科学院植物研究所, 北京 100044 | | 苏德昭 | 中国预防医学科学院食品卫生监督检验所, 北京 100021 | | 高俊全 | 中国预防医学科学院食品卫生监督检验所, 北京 100021 | | 徐春兰 | 北京有色金属研究总院, 北京 100088 | | 祝孝丰 | 北京有色金属研究总院, 北京 100088 | | 张填 | 北京有色金属研究总院, 北京 100088 | | 钟琛 | 北京有色金属研究总院, 北京 100088 | | 白继昌 | 北京有色金属与稀土应用研究所, 北京 100012 | | 刘金荣 | 北京有色金属与稀土应用研究所, 北京 100012 | | 马慧君 | 北京有色金属与稀土应用研究所, 北京 100012 |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 对我国有代表性的3种类型稀土矿区内农民自然生活环境(耕地土壤、饮用井水、天然植物和植物性食物)和头发中稀土含量进行了卫生学调查研究,初步了解了其稀土暴露、吸收和蓄积水平。结果表明:稀土矿区内,除耕地土壤中稀土含量(680—1200mg/kg)明显高于对照地区、某些天然植物有富积稀土(16.8—57.2μg/g)的能力外,浅井水(2.6—21.0μg/L)、粮食<(0.05—3.15μg/g)和蔬菜(0.06—1.82μg/g)中稀土含量仅是稍高于对照地区趋势;矿区农民平均每人每日稀土经日摄入量估计值〔(498.3—1708.1μg/(d·人)]与相应对照点基本一致;仅江西轻稀土矿观察点[(659.4μg/(d·人)]稍高于对照点[498.3μg/(d·人)].江西2矿区内农民发中稀土含量(0.53—15.02μg/g)均显着高于本地区对照点以及山东稀土矿区内农民发稀土水平(<0.20—1.12μg/g,P<0.05),并接近或超过山东稀土矿矿工水平(0.43—8.76μg/g,P<0.05),但其平均每人每日稀土经日摄入量明显低于山东矿区农民摄入水平[1708.lμg/(d·人)]。江西离子吸附型稀土矿区内农民对稀土元素有明显高暴露和/或吸收,应视为稀土暴露危险人群。 |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to get a preliminary estimation of RE exposure and absorption(or accumulation) levels of inhabitants living in RE mining areas,RE contents of natural environment (including soil of cultivated land,well water,natural plants,vegetables and cereals) and head hair of farmer's living in three representative RE mining areas in China were examined.All samples were analyzed for RE content by spectrophotometric method.Results show that RE levels of soil samples from RE mining areas(680—1200mg/kg) were obviously higher than those from control areas. Some natural plants are capable of accumulating RE(16.8—57.2μg/g). However,RE levels of shallow well water(2.6—21.0μg/g),cereals(0.05—3.15μg/g) and fresh vegetables(0.06—1.82 g/g) from RE mining areas had only a trend of slight increase. The estimated amount of average daily RE intake person(REEADI) (554.1—1708.1μg/d·person) of farmer's in RE mining areas were almost the same as those of farmer's in control areas,but RE EADI of farmer's of the two RE mining areas of southern China(554.4—659.4μg/d·person)were lower than that of the RE mining area of northern China(1708.1μg/d·person). On the contrast,RE levels of head hair samples from RE mining areas of southern China(0.53—15.02 μg/g) were significantly higher than those of samples from control areas,and also markedly higher than those(0.20—1.12μg/g) from RE mining area of northern China. Reasons leading to the differences in head hair RE contents among these mining areas were discussed. Hypothesis and suggestions were made. It was concluded that RE exposure and/or absorption levels of farmer's living in the two RE mining areas of southern China were markedly increased.They should be regarded as RE highly exposed groups. |
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