| 金属矿区周边农田土壤与农作物重金属健康风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 1126 全文点击 135 投稿时间：2023-05-21 修订日期：2023-06-20 |
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| 中文关键词 金属矿区 土壤与作物 重金属污染 健康风险评价 蒙特卡罗模拟 |
| 英文关键词 metal mining area farmland soils and crops heavy metal pollution health risk assessment Monte Carlo simulation |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探明金属矿区周边农田土壤与农作物重金属污染特征与人体健康风险,通过对矿区周边农田土壤和农作物进行样品采集并分析测定其Cd、Pb和As等重金属含量,采用地累积指数法、富集系数法和综合潜在生态风险指数法,研究土壤和农作物重金属的污染特征与综合潜在生态风险,采用蒙特卡罗模拟法进行土壤和农作物重金属的健康风险评估.结果表明,凉桥村土壤重金属污染主要是Cd、As和Pb,分别有100%、100%和75%以上土壤样品超过农田土壤筛选值（GB 15618-2018）,农作物中Cd、Pb、As、Cr和Ni这5种重金属的含量,均超标《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》（GB 2762-2017）严重；地累积指数和富集系数表明Cd和As污染严重,综合潜在生态风险指数（RI）普遍高于600,具有极高生态风险,其中Cd、As和Pb贡献最大,贡献率分别为77.8%、14.4%和3.1%.健康风险评估表明,凉桥村居民通过摄入农作物以及误食土壤造成较高的致癌风险（致癌风险>10-6）以及非致癌健康风险（危害商值>1）；蒙特卡罗模拟人群健康风险分析显示,凉桥村土壤重金属污染暴露途径下具有较高致癌与非致癌风险的人群为儿童和成人女性,摄入农作物的风险概率远大于土壤暴露途径.该区域应采取风险管控和治理修复措施,减缓农田土壤与农作物重金属的致癌风险,成人和儿童应预防吸入土壤颗粒物和经口摄入土壤,儿童还应重点预防皮肤接触土壤的暴露途径. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To analyze the heavy metal pollution characteristics and human health risks of farmland soils and crops around metal mines, samples were collected and analyzed from farmland soils and crops around the mining area. The soil accumulation index method, enrichment coefficient method, and comprehensive potential ecological risk index method were used to study the pollution characteristics and comprehensive potential ecological risks of heavy metals in soil and crops. The Monte Carlo simulation method was used to assess the health risk of heavy metals in soil and crops. The results showed that the main heavy metal pollutants in the soil of Liangqiao Village were Cd, As, and Pb, with over 100%, 100%, and 75% of the soil samples exceeding the screening values of farmland soil （GB 15618-2018）, respectively； the contents of Cd, Pb, As, Cr, and Ni in crops significantly exceeded the national standard （GB 2762-2017）. The geo-accumulation index and enrichment coefficient indicated that Cd and As pollution was serious, and the comprehensive potential ecological risk index （RI） was generally higher than 600, indicating a high ecological risk. Cd, As, and Pb contributed the most, with contribution rates of 77.8%, 14.4%, and 3.1%, respectively. The health risk assessment showed that residents of Liangqiao Village had a higher risk of carcinogenesis （carcinogenic risk>10-6） and non-carcinogenic health risk （hazard quotient value>1） owing to the intake of edible crops and accidental ingestion of soil. Monte Carlo simulation of population health risk analysis showed that the populations with high carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks under the exposure pathway of heavy metal pollution in the soil of Liangqiao Village were children and adult women, and the risk probability of consuming agricultural products was much higher than that of the soil exposure pathway. Risk control and remediation measures should be taken in the region to mitigate the carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in the soil. Adults and children should avoid the inhalation of soil particles and the oral ingestion of soil. For children, there should also be a focus on the prevention of exposure pathways through skin contact with soil. |
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