| 基于改进遥感生态指数的青藏公路那（曲）安（多）段生态环境评估及驱动机制分析 |
| 摘要点击 631 全文点击 151 投稿时间：2023-03-30 修订日期：2023-05-25 |
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| 中文关键词 生态环境质量 遥感生态指数(RSEI) 地理探测器 GEE平台 青藏公路沿线 |
| 英文关键词 ecological environment quality remote sensing ecological index(RSEI) geodetector Google earth engine along the Qinghai-Xizang highway |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 青藏公路沿线生态环境是西藏地区生态文明建设的重要组成部分，目前研究青藏高原独特的地理环境普遍存在数据获取困难、时效性过低及未考虑研究区独特的“高寒盐碱”环境状况等问题.基于GEE平台及研究区独特地理环境，对遥感生态指数（RSEI）进行改进，采用主成分分析法构建一种新的适用于高寒盐碱地区的盐碱遥感生态指数（SRSEI）作为生态环境质量评价指标，利用ArcGIS 10.3平台、地理探测器等方法在多时空尺度下分析青藏公路那曲至安多段沿线生态环境质量空间分布格局与时间变异趋势，并探究自然和人为等8个控制因子对SRSEI时空变化的驱动机制.结果表明：①相较于RSEI，SRSEI对植被更加敏感，对植被稀疏和盐碱化严重地区的分辨能力更强，适合高寒盐碱区生态质量评价.②研究区生态环境质量空间尺度上存在明显的地理分异性，生态质量较差的区域主要集中在北部安多县城，质量等级为优和良地区主要分布在中西部和东南部那曲地区；时间尺度上32年间研究区生态环境整体呈改善趋势，中西部和东南部植被覆盖度明显增加，对生态环境有很强的改善作用，改善面积1 425.98 km2，占比99.82%.SRSEI均值为0.49，总体呈波动上升趋势，平均增幅为0.015 7 a-1.③土地利用方式是研究区生态环境质量变化中驱动力最大的影响因子，多年份平均q值0.1576，环境因子的影响力较低；多因子交互结果显示，研究区的生态环境现状是多重因素共同作用的结果，所有因子在交互作用下均有协同增强的作用，且人为因素的影响力在逐步上升，植被净初级生产力（NPP）和土地利用方式交互作用是研究区生态环境质量的主要交互控制因子.该研究可为那曲至安多段沿线生态环境保护和可持续发展提供理论依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The ecological environment along the Qinghai-Xizang highway is an important part of the construction of the ecological civilization in the Xizang region, and current research generally suffers from difficulties in data acquisition, low timeliness, and failure to consider the unique "alpine saline" environmental conditions in the study area due to the unique geographical environment of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau. Based on the GEE platform and the unique geographical environment of the study area, the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) was improved, and a new saline remote sensing ecological index (SRSEI) applicable to the alpine saline region was constructed by using principal component analysis as an ecological environment quality evaluation index. The spatial distribution pattern and temporal variation trend of ecological environment quality along the Qinghai-Xizang Highway Nagqu-Amdo section were analyzed at multiple spatial and temporal scales using the ArcGIS 10.3 platform and geographic probes, and the driving mechanisms of eight control factors, including natural and human-made, on the spatial and temporal changes in SRSEI were investigated. The results showed that:① compared with RSEI, SRSEI was more sensitive to vegetation and had a stronger discriminatory ability in areas with sparse vegetation and severe salinization, which is suitable for ecological quality evaluation in alpine saline areas. ② The spatial scale of ecological environment quality in the study area had obvious geographical differentiation, and the areas with poor ecological quality were mainly concentrated in the northern Amdo County, whereas the areas with excellent and good quality grades were mainly distributed in the central-western and southeastern Nagqu areas. On the temporal scale, the ecological environment of the study area as a whole showed an improvement trend over 32 years, and the vegetation cover in the central-western and southeastern areas increased significantly, which had a strong improvement effect on the ecological environment. The improvement area was 1 425.98 km2, accounting for 99.82%. The mean value of SRSEI was 0.49, with an overall fluctuating upward trend and an average increase of 0.015 7 a-1. ③ The land use pattern was the most driving influence factor in the change of ecological environment quality in the study area, with an average q value of 0.157 6 over multiple years, and the influence of environmental factors was low. The multi-factor interaction results showed that the ecological environment in the study area was the result of multiple factors acting together, all factors had synergistic enhancement under the interaction, the influence of human factors was gradually increasing, and the interaction of the net primary productivity (NPP) of vegetation and land use pattern was the main interactive control factor of ecological environment quality in the study area. This study can provide a theoretical basis for ecological environmental protection and sustainable development along the Nagqu to Amdo section. |
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