| 重庆市长寿湖水库表层水体重金属时空分布及风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 706 全文点击 146 投稿时间：2023-04-18 修订日期：2023-06-19 |
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| 中文关键词 长寿湖 重金属 时空分布 风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 Changshou Lake heavy metals spatial and temporal distribution risk assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了解重庆市长寿湖水体污染状况和环境风险，采集并分析了不同季节的表层水体重金属（Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb）浓度，探究长寿湖重金属时空变化和分布特征，进一步评估其污染水平和健康风险.结果表明，6种重金属均低于《地表水环境质量标准》（GB 3838-2002）Ⅰ类标准，但近年来呈现增加趋势，Cu、As和Pb增加趋势显著（P<0.05）.不同重金属时空分布存在差异，在时间上，水体Cr和Cd在夏季较高，As和Zn在春季较高，Pb和Cu分别在秋季和冬季较高；在空间上，Cr、As、Cu、Zn和Pb总体在水库南部出水口、西北部龙溪河入水口及水库中部较高，Cd在水库北部的滞水区较高.长寿湖水体重金属整体为低污染水平，水体Cr和Cu存在轻度污染，其他重金属为清洁水平.饮水是水体重金属致癌及非致癌风险的主要暴露途径，水体Cr和As的健康风险值较高，分别为6.2×10-10 ~3.0×10-4和5.1×10-8 ~3.9×10-5，其对儿童和成人的总健康风险贡献率分别达到87.18%和87.20%（Cr）及12.73%和12.71%（As），对儿童和成人均存在一定的致癌风险.因此，需要重点关注长寿湖水体Cr和Cu的环境风险，以及Cr和As的健康风险，以期为长寿湖水体污染防治及环境质量的改善提供科学依据，合理开发利用水资源. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To understand the water pollution status and environmental risks of Changshou Lake, the concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) in the water were collected and analyzed during different seasons. The study investigated temporal and spatial variations, distribution characteristics, pollution levels, and health risks associated with heavy metals in Changshou Lake. The results showed that all six heavy metals were below than the Class Ⅰ standard of the Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard (GB 3838-2002), but recent years have witnessed an increasing trend, with Cu, As, and Pb showing a significant increase (P<0.05). The temporal and spatial distributions of these heavy metals were different. Temporally, Cr and Cd concentrations in surface water were higher in summer, As and Zn were higher in spring, and Pb and Cu were higher in autumn and winter. Spatially, the concentrations of Cr, As, Cu, Zn, and Pb showed higher concentrations in the southern outlet of the reservoir, the northwestern Longxi River inlet, and the central part of the reservoir, whereas Cd was higher in the northern stagnant area. The overall levels of heavy metals in the water body of Changshou Lake were low, with Cr and Cu slightly polluted, while other heavy metals were identified as having an insignificant pollution level. Drinking water was the primary exposure pathway to carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic heavy metals in surface water bodies. The health risk values of Cr and As in water bodies were high, ranging from 6.2×10-10 to 3.0×10-4 and 5.1×10-8 to 3.9×10-5, respectively. The corresponding contribution rates for children and adults to the total health risk were high, with Cr accounting for 87.18% and 87.20%, respectively, while As accounted for 12.73% and 12.71%, respectively. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize environmental risks associated with Cr and Cu, as well as the health risks associated with Cr and As in Changshou Lake These findings provide a scientific foundation for water pollution control and environmental quality improvement in Changshou Lake, and rational development and utilization of water resources. |
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