| 基于PCA-APCS-MLR模型的乌梁素海表层沉积物重金属时空分布及来源解析 |
| 摘要点击 732 全文点击 151 投稿时间：2023-03-16 修订日期：2023-05-17 |
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| 中文关键词 表层沉积物 重金属 PCA-APCS-MLR模型 时空分布 源解析 |
| 英文关键词 surface sediments heavy metals PCA-APCS-MLR model spatiotemporal distribution source apportionment |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 崔志谋 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | czm941019@petalmail.com | | 史小红 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018 | imaushixiaohong@163.com | | 赵胜男 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 卢俊平 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018
内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 张昊 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 刘莹慧 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 郭鑫 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | | | 王彦隽 | 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特 010018 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为深度认识寒区湖泊表层沉积物重金属冰封与非冰封期时空分布差异特征、准确评估潜在生态风险程度和解析污染源，以寒区乌梁素海为研究对象，于2020~2021年对布设的20个采样点进行为期1a的样品采集工作，按照冰封和非冰封期收集120个表层沉积物样品.测定了As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn和Hg共8种重金属含量.采用相关性分析法、主成分分析法和绝对因子得分-多元线性回归（APCS-MLR）受体模型进行重金属污染溯源.结果表明：①表层沉积物重金属含量冰封与非冰封期分布规律具有差异性，冰封期重金属分布均呈现出中北部较高，南部较低的特点；非冰封期Cd和Hg主要分布于湖区中部和南部.②湖泊表层沉积物重金属Hg为偏重度污染，Cd和As为偏中度污染水平，Ni为轻度污染.整体表现为高风险水平，非冰封期污染水平高于冰封期，主要环境风险因子分别为Hg和Cd，分别表现为极高风险和中等风险.③湖泊表层沉积物重金属来源主要为采矿和交通的综合工业源、农业源和自然源，工业源对As、Ni、Pb和Hg的贡献率分别为62.67%、75.31%、77.47%和80.11%，Cu和Zn主要来源为自然源，Cd受农业源影响较大，贡献率为81.57%，Cr的来源主要除受自然因素的影响外，人类活动和未知来源的影响也不可忽视. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To explore the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the surface sediments of lakes in cold regions during ice-sealing and non-ice-sealing periods, we analyzed the potential ecological risk degree and the pollution sources. A total of 20 sampling sites in Lake Ulansuhai in cold regions were collected from 2020 to 2021, and 120 surface sediment samples were collected during different periods. The contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg were determined. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and the absolute factor score-multiple linear regression (APCS-MLR) receptor model were used to trace the source of heavy metal pollution. The results showed that:① the distribution of heavy metals in lake surface sediments was different between the ice-sealing period and the non-ice-sealing period. The distribution of heavy metals during the ice-sealing period was higher in the north and lower in the south. Cd and Hg were mainly distributed in the central and southern lakes during the non-glacial period. ② Hg, Cd, and As were moderately polluted, and Ni was mildly polluted in the surface sediments of the lake. The overall performance was at a high risk level, and the pollution level during the non-ice-sealing period was higher than that during the ice-sealing period. The main environmental risk factors were Hg and Cd, which showed high risk and moderate risk, respectively. ③ The sources of heavy metals in lake surface sediments were mainly industrial sources from mining and transportation, agricultural sources, and natural sources. As, Ni, Pb, and Hg were mainly affected by industrial sources, with contribution rates of 62.67%, 75.31%, 77.47%, and 80.11%, respectively. The main sources of Cu and Zn were natural sources, and Cd was greatly affected by agricultural sources. The contribution rate was 81.57%. The source of Cr was mainly affected by natural factors, and the influence of human activities and unknown sources require further attention. |
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