| 太湖水体和沉积物中有机磷酸酯的时空分布和风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 992 全文点击 231 投稿时间：2023-02-24 修订日期：2023-03-23 |
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| 中文关键词 有机磷酸酯（OPEs） 太湖 地表水 沉积物 生态风险 |
| 英文关键词 organophosphate esters （OPEs） Taihu Lake surface water sediment ecological risk |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究有机磷酸酯（OPEs）在太湖水环境中的时空分布特征和生态风险水平,利用固相萃取和超高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法测定太湖水体和沉积物中的单体和低聚OPEs,其中单体OPEs包括烷基OPEs、氯代烷基OPEs和芳香基OPEs.结果发现,OPEs在太湖水体和沉积物的空间分布差异不显著；水体和沉积物赋存的OPEs皆有明显的季节差异性,夏季OPEs的赋存含量平均值（水体中为752.7 ng·L-1,沉积物中为124.0 ng·g-1）显著高于冬季（水体中为498.5 ng·L-1,沉积物中为54.5 ng·g-1）,其中单体OPEs的季节差异性尤为明显；不同类型OPEs在水体和沉积物中的赋存浓度排序均为：氯代烷基OPEs>烷基OPEs>芳香基OPEs≈低聚OPEs；OPEs在水体和沉积物间的伪分配系数（Kd）在夏季（0.05~4.17 L·g-1）高于冬季（0.02~3.47 L·g-1）,且与其辛醇水分配系数显著正相关.基于OPEs在太湖水体中的中位浓度,采用风险商值（RQ）法评估太湖水环境OPEs的生态风险,发现水体中的OPEs整体上呈现中等生态风险（RQ在冬、夏两季分别约为0.34和0.35）；冬夏两季不同类型OPEs的生态风险排序与OPEs的赋存浓度相对应；单体OPEs在夏季的生态风险高于冬季；虽然评估结果表明低聚OPEs的生态风险较低,并且低于单体OPEs,但目前有关低聚OPEs的毒理研究还鲜见报道,亟需开展深入研究以提供数据支持. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Aiming to explore the spatiotemporal occurrence of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in the aquatic environment of Taihu Lake and to assess the relevant ecological risk, monomeric and oligomeric OPEs in the surface water and sediment of Taihu Lake were determined using solid phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The target monomeric OPEs included chlorinated OPEs, alkyl OPEs, and aryl OPEs. There was no significant difference in the spatial distribution of OPEs in water and sediment between the pollutant-impacted and less-impacted zones. The average concentrations of OPEs in summer and winter were, respectively, 752.7 and 498.5 ng·L-1 in water and 124.0 and 54.5 ng·g-1 in sediment, indicating an obvious seasonal difference, especially for the monomeric OPEs. The OPEs levels in both the water and sediment were ranked in the order of chlorinated OPEs > alkyl OPEs > aryl OPEs≈oligomeric OPEs. The pseudo-partitioning coefficients (Kd) of OPEs between the sediment and surface water of Taihu Lake were much higher in summer (0.05-4.17 L·g-1) compared to those in winter (0.02-3.47 L·g-1) and were significantly positively correlated with the lg Kow values of OPEs. Based on the median concentrations of OPEs in the water of Taihu Lake, the ecological risk of OPEs was assessed by risk quotient (RQ) values, which indicated a medium risk at an RQ level of 0.34 during winter and 0.35 during summer. The assessment results showed that the risk ranking of OPEs was consistent with that of their concentrations, and the monomeric OPEs posed a higher ecological risk in summer compared to that in winter. Although the ecological risk of oligomeric OPEs in this study was not serious and was lower than that of monomeric OPEs, it is an urgent requirement to conduct ecotoxicology studies on oligomeric OPEs in the future since available data is highly limited at present. |
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