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聊城市冬季PM2.5中水溶性化合物的昼夜变化特征及来源解析
摘要点击 1572  全文点击 712  投稿时间:2019-03-05  修订日期:2019-04-19
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中文关键词  无机离子  乙二酸  左旋葡聚糖  PM2.5  聊城
英文关键词  inorganic ions  oxalic acid  levoglucosan  PM2.5  Liaocheng City
作者单位E-mail
衣雅男 聊城大学环境与规划学院, 聊城 252000 yiyanan6902@163.com 
侯战方 聊城大学环境与规划学院, 聊城 252000
中国科学院地球环境研究所, 黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 西安 710061 
houzhanfang@lcu.edu.cn 
孟静静 聊城大学环境与规划学院, 聊城 252000
中国科学院地球环境研究所, 黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室, 西安 710061 
 
燕丽 生态环境部环境规划院, 北京 100012  
王心培 华东师范大学地理科学学院, 地理信息科学教育部重点实验室, 上海 200062  
刘晓迪 聊城大学环境与规划学院, 聊城 252000  
伏梦璇 聊城大学环境与规划学院, 聊城 252000  
魏本杰 聊城大学环境与规划学院, 聊城 252000  
中文摘要
      为探究聊城市冬季PM2.5中水溶性物质的昼夜变化特征及其来源,于2017年1~2月进行PM2.5样品采集,对其水溶性无机离子、乙二酸和左旋葡聚糖等水溶性化合物进行分析,并采用主成分分析-多元线性回归模型(PCA-MLR)对其来源进行解析.结果表明,采样期间聊城市PM2.5平均质量浓度为(132.6±65.4)μg·m-3,是国家二级标准的1.8倍,且夜晚PM2.5的污染程度略高于白天.SNA(SO42-、NO3-和NH4+)是聊城市PM2.5中最主要的水溶性离子,在白天与夜晚占总离子的质量分数为73.4%和77.1%,说明聊城市冬季二次污染较严重.白天与夜晚阴阳离子平衡当量比值(AE/CE)都小于1,说明PM2.5呈碱性,且夜晚PM2.5的酸性比白天强.无论在白天还是晚上,NH4+的主要存在形态均为NH4HSO4和NH4NO3.通过相关性分析,证实了乙二酸是在液相中经酸催化的二次氧化反应形成的,且受生物质燃烧的影响很强.通过PCA-MLR模型分析可知,聊城市冬季PM2.5中的水溶性化合物主要来自机动车尾气及其二次氧化、生物质燃烧,而受矿物粉尘与煤炭燃烧的影响较小.
英文摘要
      To investigate the diurnal variations and sources of water-soluble compounds in Liaocheng City, PM2.5 samples were collected between January and February 2017. The PM2.5 samples were analyzed for the compositions, concentrations, and sources of water-soluble inorganic ions, oxalic acid, and levoglucosan. The sources of these chemical compound were investigated using principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression (MLR) modeling. The results showed that the mass concentrations of PM2.5during the nighttime were higher than those during the daytime, and the average concentrations exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012) by more than 1.8 times. Moreover, atmospheric pollution was worse during the day than during the night. SNA (SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+) were the dominant species among the inorganic ions, the relative abundance of which with respect to the total concentrations of inorganic ions was 73.4% and 77.1% during the daytime and nighttime, respectively. The ratios of anion to cation equivalents (AE/CE) were less than one, suggesting that the PM2.5 was slightly alkaline, and the degree of acidity at night was stronger than during the day. The results of the correlation analyses suggested that aqueous-phase oxidation was the major formation pathway of oxalic acid, which is driven by acid-catalyzed oxidation. The oxalic acid was mainly influenced by biomass burning during the winter in Liaocheng City. The results of the PCA-MLR model suggested that water-soluble compounds in Liaocheng City were mostly from vehicular emissions and secondary oxidation, biomass burning, while the impacts of mineral dust and coal burning were relatively minor.

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