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水库水体热分层的水质及细菌群落分布特征
摘要点击 1809  全文点击 577  投稿时间:2018-09-09  修订日期:2018-12-20
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中文关键词  热分层  密云水库  环境因子  细菌群落分布  末端限制性片段多态性(T-RFLP)
英文关键词  thermal stratification  Miyun Reservoir  environmental factors  bacterial community distribution  terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP)
作者单位E-mail
王禹冰 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100048 lwyubing@163.com 
王晓燕 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100048
首都师范大学首都圈水环境研究中心, 北京 100048 
wangxy@cnu.edu.cn 
庞树江 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100048  
杨晓明 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100048  
刘洋 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100048  
中文摘要
      作为重要的城市饮用水源地,水库是人工筑坝形成的特殊类型的水体,其水质直接影响居民的饮用水安全.为揭示北京市饮用水源地密云水库的秋季分层特征和细菌群落的垂直变化,于水体稳定分层期(秋季)在水库进行采样,应用16S rDNA末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)和定量PCR等方法研究了密云水库水体细菌群落的垂直分布特征,并利用聚类分析、多元统计分析揭示细菌群落与环境因子之间的响应关系.结果表明:①密云水库水体温跃层位于水深20~30 m处,水温范围在15~19℃,聚类分析将7个采样水层划分为好氧区(上层)和缺氧区(下层)两类,温度、DO、pH在15 m以下逐渐降低,电导率、氨氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮及总氮在15 m后发生显著变化,水体水质表现出明显的垂直分布特征;②RDA分析结果显示,上下水层的溶解氧、pH、电导率、氨氮、硝态氮和亚硝态氮存在较为明显的垂向变化,是影响密云水库细菌群落垂直分布的主要环境因子;③总细菌的数量随水深变化的波动较为明显,其中好氧区细菌的Shannon-Wiener指数和T-RFs片段数明显高于缺氧区,说明秋季密云水库水体中细菌群落分布存在显著的分层现象.本研究探究了水体热分层对水库水质及细菌群落的影响,可为预测水质变化和水库管理提供科学依据.
英文摘要
      As an important urban drinking water source, reservoirs are a special type of water body formed by artificial dams. Water quality of reservoirs directly affects the residents' drinking water safety. In order to reveal the characteristics of stratification and vertical changes of bacterial communities in the Miyun Reservoir, a drinking water source of Beijing, vertical stratified samples were collected during the stable stratified period of the reservoir (autumn). The vertical distribution characteristics of bacterial communities in the Miyun Reservoir were studied by using 16S rDNA terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and quantitative PCR. Cluster analysis and multivariate statistical analysis were used to reveal the response relationships between bacterial communities and environmental factors. The results were as follows. ①The thermocline of the Miyun Reservoir was located at a water depth of 20-30 m, and the water temperature range was 15-19℃. The cluster analysis data of the seven sampled water layers were divided into an aerobic area (upper layer) and anoxic area (lower layer). The temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH gradually decreased below 15 m. The electrical conductivity, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, and total nitrogen changed significantly after 15 m. The water quality showed obvious features in the vertical direction. ② The redundancy analysis (RDA) results showed that there were obvious vertical changes in the dissolved oxygen, pH, electrical conductivity, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen between the aerobic and anoxic water layer. Those factors were the main environmental factors affecting the vertical distribution of the bacterial communities in the Miyun Reservoir. ③ The total bacterial number fluctuated with changes in the water depth. The Shannon-Wiener index and the number of T-RFs of bacteria in the aerobic zone were significantly higher than those in the anoxic zone, which indicates that there was significant stratification in the distribution of bacterial communities in the water of the Miyun Reservoir in autumn. This study explored the effects of water stratification on reservoir water quality and bacterial communities, and the findings provide a scientific basis for predicting water quality changes and reservoir management.

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