| 道路扬尘排放因子建立方法与应用 |
| 摘要点击 1613 全文点击 615 投稿时间：2018-10-07 修订日期：2018-10-31 |
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| 中文关键词 道路扬尘 粒径分布 粒度乘数 排放因子 积尘负荷 |
| 英文关键词 fugitive road dust size distribution particle size multiplier emission factor dust load |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 排放因子是分析污染源排放特征和建立排放清单的基础数据，本研究对典型道路进行积尘负荷采样和实验室筛分分析，通过再悬浮系统和颗粒物粒径谱仪对道路扬尘粒径分布和粒径乘数进行测量，调查道路车型构成并计算车重，以北京市通州区为例应用模型法建立本地化的道路扬尘PM2.5排放因子.结果表明，不同类型道路的扬尘颗粒物粒径分布在<2.5 μm范围内的质量比例较为接近，道路扬尘中PM2.5与PM10比值在0.28~0.32之间；不同类型道路的PM2.5粒度乘数在0.18~0.20 g·（km·辆）-1之间，高速路、国道、省道、县道和乡道的PM2.5排放因子分别为0.06、0.14、0.31、0.30和0.39 g·（km·辆）-1.积尘负荷采样、再悬浮粒径分布测量和排放因子模型计算，是道路扬尘排放因子本地化的可行方法.在建立道路扬尘排放因子过程中，粒径乘数可以应用默认值，由于不同类型道路的积尘负荷差异较大，需要分道路类型或按车流量级别进行积尘负荷采样分析，对排放因子进行本地化. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Size distribution and emission factors are the basic information used in emission characteristic studies and emission inventory establishment. The silt loadings of typical roads in the Tongzhou district of Beijing were sampled and tested. A particulate matter resuspension and measurement system and a particle size spectrometer were used to measure the size distribution and particle size multiplier of the fugitive road dust in this study. The localized PM2.5 emission factors for the fugitive road dust were obtained by experiment and investigation. The results showed that the ratio of the particles with sizes from 0 μm to 2.5 μm was similar for different road types; the ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 in the fugitive road dust was between 0.28 and 0.32. The particle size multiplier of PM2.5 was between 0.18-0.20 g·(km·vehicle)-1 for the different types of roads. The PM2.5 emission factors for highways, national roads, provincial roads, county roads, and township roads were 0.06, 0.14, 0.31, 0.30, and 0.39 g·(km·vehicle)-1, respectively. The silt loadings of different type roads showed great differences; thus, field sampling of the silt loading is necessary in the emission factor localization process. |
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