| 郑州市大气细颗粒物中水溶性离子季节性变化特征及其源解析 |
| 摘要点击 2535 全文点击 749 投稿时间：2018-05-24 修订日期：2018-10-05 |
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| 中文关键词 郑州市 PM2.5 水溶性离子 季节变化 源解析 |
| 英文关键词 Zhengzhou PM2.5 water-soluble ions seasonal variation source identification |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 闫广轩 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | xuanxuaneeee@163.com | | 张靖雯 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 雷豪杰 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 黄海燕 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 唐明双 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 曹治国 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 李云蓓 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 樊静 | 河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007 | | | 王跃思 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 李怀刚 | 新乡市环境保护监测站, 新乡 453000 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究郑州市PM2.5的污染水平，水溶性离子组成特征并进行来源分析，于2016年四季进行PM2.5周年膜采样，每个季节连续采集30 d共采集有效样品170个.分别采用重量法测定PM2.5的质量浓度，离子色谱法测定水溶性离子浓度，并使用主成分分析法对其进行来源解析.结果表明，在采样期间郑州市PM2.5年均质量浓度为150.72μg·m-3，季节性特征明显，冬季最高，夏季最低，秋季略高于春季.NH4+、NO3-、SO42-是郑州PM2.5中最主要的无机水溶性离子，三离子之和占所测7种水溶性离子总含量的比例分别为92.55%（春）、92.94%（夏）、93.06%（秋）和93.15%（冬）.阴阳离子电荷当量年均值为0.886，PM2.5呈弱碱性.春、夏季节铵盐的存在形态为NH4NO3和（NH4）2SO4，秋季铵盐的存在形式可能为NH4NO3、（NH4）2SO4和NH4HSO4，冬季NH4+除上述3种存在形式外，可能还以NH4Cl或其他形式存在.郑州市大气中存在较强的SO2、NO2二次转化过程，水溶性离子的主要来源是二次转化过程，化石燃料和生物质燃烧、矿尘、农业活动以及土壤和建筑尘等. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to explore the characteristics of PM2.5 concentration and water-soluble inorganic ions in Zhengzhou City, a total of 170 PM2.5 samples were collected in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons of 2016, with 30 days continuous sampling during each season. The mass concentration of PM2.5 was analyzed gravimetrically, water-soluble inorganic ions were determined by ion chromatography, and principle component analysis was employed for source apportionment. The results showed that the mass concentration of PM2.5 was 150.72μg·m-3 during the sampling period. The mass concentration was highest in winter and lowest in summer, and that of autumn is higher was higher than that of spring. The ions SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ were the major WSIs found in PM2.5, accounting for 92.55%, 92.94%, 93.06%, and 93.15% of the total amount of the seven ions found in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The anion-to-cation ratio was 0.886, which indicated that PM2.5 was slightly alkaline in Zhengzhou. Secondary inorganic species, including NH4+, NO3-, and SO42- were the major components of the water-soluble ions. These ions most likely existed in the form of NH4NO3 and (NH4)2SO4 during spring and summer, while they were present as NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4 and NH4HSO4 in autumn. In addition to these three forms, NH4Cl or other forms may exist in winter. Industrial emissions, combustion, secondary transformation, soil, and construction dust were the major sources of the water-soluble ions in PM2.5. |
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