| 多年施用生物炭对河南烤烟种植区土壤呼吸的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1531 全文点击 491 投稿时间：2018-05-18 修订日期：2018-08-07 |
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| 中文关键词 生物炭 土地呼吸 土壤呼吸组分 水热因子 固碳减排 |
| 英文关键词 biochar soil respiration soil respiration components hydrothermal factor carbon sequestration and emission reduction |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李亚森 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室, 郑州 450002 | 935720849@qq.com | | 丁松爽 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室, 郑州 450002 | | | 殷全玉 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室, 郑州 450002 | | | 李佳轶 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室, 郑州 450002 | | | 周迪 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室, 郑州 450002 | | | 刘国顺 | 河南农业大学烟草学院, 烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室, 郑州 450002 | liugsh1851@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究生物炭施用对土壤呼吸的影响，采用5 a定位试验（2013~2017年）研究了不施生物炭（CK）、施用1.5 t·hm-2生物炭（T1）、施用15 t·hm-2生物炭（T2）、施用45 t·hm-2生物炭（T3）这4种处理下土壤呼吸及土壤水热因子的动态变化规律.结果表明：①在土壤中连续5a施入中剂量生物炭（T2：15 t·hm-2）显著降低了烤烟生长季土壤呼吸速率，降幅为25.89%；当施入量增至45 t·hm-2（T3）时土壤呼吸速率显著增加，增幅为21.48%（P<0.05）.②长期中剂量生物炭的添加显著降低了土壤异养呼吸速率和自养呼吸速率，降幅分别为29.80%和28.75%；大剂量生物炭（T3：45 t·hm-2）的施入显著增加了土壤异养呼吸速率，增幅为28.88%.低剂量生物炭（T1：1.5 t·hm-2）和中剂量生物炭均显著增加土壤呼吸中自养呼吸的比例，大剂量生物炭的施入显著增加了异养呼吸的比例（P<0.05）.③低剂量生物炭显著降低了烤烟生长季土壤5 cm温度；大剂量生物炭显著降低了土壤5 cm湿度.土壤呼吸与土壤5 cm温度之间呈显著指数相关，与土壤5 cm湿度之间未表现出显著相关（P<0.05）.综上，连续5a低剂量生物炭的施用对土壤呼吸无影响，适量生物炭的施用具有固碳减排效应，大剂量生物炭施用则会适得其反，建议生物炭施用范围应控制在15 t·hm-2以内. |
| 英文摘要 |
| A five year (2013-2017) experiment was conducted to explore the effects of biochar application on the dynamic changes in soil respiration, soil water, and heat factors under four treatments:CK (without biochar), T1 (with 1.5 t·hm-2biochar), T2 (with 15 t·hm-2biochar), and T3 (with 45 t·hm-2biochar). The results showed that:① the soil respiration rate in the growing season of flue-cured tobacco was significantly reduced by 25.89% under the five year application of medium-dose biochar (T2:15 t·hm-2) in soil, while it was significantly increased by 21.48% when the applied dose increased to 45 t·hm-2(T3) (P<0.05). ② The long-term application of medium-dose biochar in the soil significantly reduced the soil heterotrophic respiration and autotrophic respiration rates by 29.80% and 28.75%, respectively. Meanwhile, the application of high-dose biochar (T3:45 t·hm-2) significantly increased the heterotrophic respiration rate by 28.88%. In addition, the application of low-dose biochar (T1:1.5 t·hm-2) and medium-dose biochar significantly increased the proportion of autotrophic respiration, whereas the high-dose biochar application significantly increased the proportion of heterotrophic respiration (P<0.05). ③ The addition of low-dose biochar to the soil significantly reduced the soil temperature at 5 cm in the growing season of flue-cured tobacco, while the high-dose application significantly reduced the soil humidity. There was a significant index correlation between soil respiration and soil temperature at 5 cm but no significant correlation with soil humidity at 5 cm (P<0.05). Ultimately, the application of low-dose biochar for five years in soil had no effect on soil respiration, and the application of the proper amount of biochar had a carbon sequestration effect. Additionally, large-dose biochar application may be counterproductive. It is recommended that the application range of biochar should be controlled within 15 t·hm-2. |
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