| 太湖贡湖湾水域抗生素污染特征分析与生态风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 3031 全文点击 1290 投稿时间：2016-03-01 修订日期：2016-07-20 |
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| 中文关键词 太湖贡湖湾 表层水 抗生素 污染特征 生态风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 Gonghu Bay surface water antibiotics pollution characteristics ecological risk assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为评估太湖贡湖湾水域抗生素污染程度与生态风险，利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测分析了4类抗生素（四环素类、喹诺酮类、磺胺类、大环内酯类）在贡湖湾表层水的污染特征. 结果表明，16种目标抗生素中，有13种在贡湖湾水体中检出，质量浓度范围为0.005~4.720 μg·L-1，其中土霉素（oxytetracycline，OTC）检出浓度最高. 抗生素在南北两湖湾的检出水平也互有高低，其中四环素类抗生素北部湾要高于南部湾，而喹诺酮类和磺胺类抗生素的检出量南部湾要高于北部湾. 采用风险商值法进行风险评估，初步评估结果为贡湖湾水域中检出的抗生素中，处于高风险的有5种：四环素类土霉素（OTC）及喹诺酮类诺氟沙星（norfloxacin，NOR）、氧氟沙星（ofloxacin，OFL）、环丙沙星（ciprofloxacin，CIP）和恩诺沙星（enrofloxacin，ENR），占检出种类38.5%；中风险有4种：四环素（tetracycline，TC）、金霉素（chlortetracycline，CTC）、罗红霉素（roxithromycin，ROX）和磺胺甲基异唑（sulfamethoxazole，SMX），占检出种类30.8%；其余4种磺胺甲基嘧啶（sulfamerazine，SMR）、磺胺甲氧哒嗪（sulfamethoxypyridazine，SMP）、磺胺喹啉（sulfaquinoxaline，SQX）和甲氧苄氨嘧啶（trimethoprim，TMP）为低风险. 评估结果表明贡湖水域抗生素存在一定生态风险，其中四环素类和喹诺酮类尤为突出，应引起足够的注意，并采取相应防范措施. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to assess the contamination degree and ecological risk of antibiotics in Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake, the contamination characteristics of four kinds of antibiotics (tetracycline, quinolones, sulfonamides and macrolides) in surface water of the Gonghu Bay were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that 13 of the 16 target antibiotics were detected in the Gonghu Bay. The mass concentrations of the 13 antibiotics ranged 0.005-4.720 μg·L-1, and OTC was of the highest concentration. The detection level of antibiotics was also different between the northern and the southern parts of Gonghu Bay, and the mass concentration of tetracycline in the northern part was higher than that in the southern part. Moreover, the concentrations of quinolones and sulfonamides in the southern part were larger than those in the northern part. The potential ecological risks of the detected antibiotics were assessed via using the risk quotients (RQs) approach. The preliminary results showed that 5 kinds of antibiotics: OTC, NOR, OFL, CIP and ENR were at high risk, accounting for 38.5% and 4 kinds of antibiotics TC, CTC, ROX and SMX were at medium risk, accounting for 30.8% in the antibiotics detected in Gonghu Bay, while the others (SMR, SMP, SQX, TMP) were at low risk. Ecological risk assessment revealed that some risks were present in antibiotics in the Gonghu Bay. The tetracyclines and quinolones were particularly prominent, which should be drawn enough attention, and corresponding preventive measures should be taken as well. |
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