| 三峡库区兰陵溪小流域养分流失特征 |
| 摘要点击 3077 全文点击 1523 投稿时间：2012-10-12 修订日期：2013-03-06 |
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| 中文关键词 三峡库区 小流域 退耕还林 面源污染 |
| 英文关键词 the Three Gorges Reservoir Area watershed returning farmland to forest agricultural non-point source pollution (AGNPS) |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 三峡库区蓄水后,库区部分支流速度变缓,小流域面源污染已经成为库区面临的重要环境问题. 本文以兰陵溪小流域的一个封闭式集水区为研究对象,监测集水区尺度典型降雨条件下氮磷流失的过程和负荷,比较不同养分流失途径,结果表明:①TN的浓度随着径流量的增加的逐渐降低,降雨停止后缓慢上升,而TP的浓度随着径流量的增加而迅速升高,降雨停止后则迅速下降; ②TN的负荷流失过程和降雨量关系较为密切,TP的负荷流失受降雨强度影响较大,N素的流失以溶解态为主,而P素则以颗粒态为主; ③地表径流是研究区P素和N素流失主要途径,同时壤中流对N素流失的影响也非常大; ④N和P各形态的流失负荷与径流量均呈显著的线性关系; ⑤集水区TP的年流失负荷为28.94 kg·(a·km2)-1,TN的年流失负荷为1040.41 kg·(a·km2)-1. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The water flow velocity of part of the tributaries in the Three Gorges Reservoir area has become slower after the water storage period, and agricultural non-point source pollution (AGNPS) is an urgent problem to be solved. Based on a closed catchment of Lanlingxi watershed, the process and the load of nitrogen and phosphorus loss were monitored, and the different ways of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loss under typical rainfall conditions in watershed scale were compared. The results showed that: ①The concentration of total nitrogen (TN) gradually decreased with the increasing runoff, and slowly increased after the rain stopped, while the total phosphorus (TP) was contrary to that of TN; ② The TN loss process had a close relation with rainfall, as TP loss was influenced by the rainfall intensity. N loss was mainly in the form of dissolvable nitrogen, while particle phosphorus was the dominant form for P loss. ③Surface runoff was the important way of nutrient loss, as interflow greatly influenced the N loss; ④ Various forms of N and P loss showed a significant linear relationship with runoff. ⑤The annual TP loss was 28.94 kg·(a·km)-2 and TN loss was 1040.41 kg·(a·km2)-1 in this watershed. |
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