| 高通量测序分析黄土高原退耕还林区土壤细菌群落特征 |
| 摘要点击 3079 全文点击 798 投稿时间：2020-12-24 修订日期：2021-02-25 |
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| 中文关键词 高通量测序 土壤细菌群落 环境因子 退耕还林 黄土高原 |
| 英文关键词 high throughput sequencing soil bacterial community environmental factors grain for green the Loess Plateau |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为分析不同植被恢复模式下土壤细菌群落特征，探讨微生物在植被恢复过程中对黄土高原退耕还林区土壤生态系统的作用，采用高通量测序技术，以山西吉县典型森林生态系统人工林（人工刺槐林、人工油松林）、天然次生林和荒草地为研究对象，分析其土壤细菌α多样性、群落结构特征、功能预测以及土壤环境因子与细菌群落的相关性.结果表明，各恢复模式共得到25门、66纲、129类、240科、392属、760种和2213 OTUs；细菌群落的丰富度存在显著差异，均表现为草地 > 天然次生林 > 人工刺槐林 > 人工油松林.在门分类水平上，天然次生林和草地与人工林之间群落的相对丰度变化存在差异性，但差异性不显著.α-Proteobacteria、β-Proteobacteria和δ-Proteobacteria在天然次生林土壤中的相对丰度要高于其他4种恢复模式，而在草地中的相对丰度最低.在土壤环境因子中TN和pH对土壤细菌群落的影响较大，优势细菌门类与TN和pH具有显著相关性，其中TN与Actinobacteria （放线菌门）呈显著正相关，pH与Proteobacteria （变形菌门）呈显著正相关，与Actinobacteria （放线菌门）呈显著负相关，而Acidobacteria （酸杆菌门）与TN和pH均呈显著负相关关系.土壤细菌群落主要涉及细胞运动，信号转导机制，氨基酸转运和代谢、辅酶的运输和代谢等24个二级功能，均表现出功能上的丰富性.本研究结果可为黄土高原退耕还林区植被恢复的效益评价提供良好的数据基础，并为人工林的合理经营提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study analyzed the characteristics of the soil bacterial community under different types of vegetation restoration, and explored the role of microorganisms in the vegetation restoration process, within the soil ecosystem of Grain for Green areas of the Loess Plateau. Typical artificial forest (artificial Robinia pseudoacacia forest, Pinus tabulaeformis forest), natural secondary forest, and grassland were selected as the research objects. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the α diversity and community structure of soil bacteria, and the correlation between soil environmental factors and bacterial communities. The Chinese National Ecosystem Research Network in Jixian County Station was chosen as the research area. The results showed that the bacterial communities of the five types of forest restoration comprised 25 phyla, 66 classes, 129 orders, 240 families, 392 genera, 760 species, and 2213 OTUs. There were significant differences in the abundance of bacterial communities, which could be ranked as follows: CD > CSL > CH2 > CH1 > YS. The dominant bacteria phyla in the different vegetation restoration types were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi. The relative abundances of natural secondary forest, grassland, and plantation were different, but not significantly. The relative abundances of α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, and δ-Proteobacteria were higher in natural secondary forest soilthan in the soil of the other four restoration models, and the relative abundance was the lowest in grassland soil. The dominant bacteria were significantly correlated with soil pH and TN. Among them, TN was significantly positively correlated with Actinobacteria, pH was significantly positively correlated with Proteobacteria and negatively correlated with Actinobacteria, while Acidobacteria was significantly negatively correlated with soil pH and TN. PICRUSt analysis showed that the functional gene families were mainly related to 24 sub-functions, including cell motility, signal transduction mechanisms, amino acid transport and metabolism, as well as coenzyme transport and metabolism. These results can provide a good foundation for the evaluation of vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau, as well as a scientific basis for the rational management of plantations. |
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