| 永定河上游地表水-地下水水化学特征及其成因分析 |
| 摘要点击 2770 全文点击 742 投稿时间：2020-12-24 修订日期：2021-02-19 |
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| 中文关键词 半干旱区 氢氧稳定同位素 洋河 桑干河 水文地球化学过程 |
| 英文关键词 semi-arid area stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen Yanghe River Sanggan River hydrogeochemical process |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 孔晓乐 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心, 农业水资源重点实验室, 河北省节水农业重点实验室, 石家庄 050021 | xlkong@sjziam.ac.cn | | 杨永辉 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心, 农业水资源重点实验室, 河北省节水农业重点实验室, 石家庄 050021 | | | 曹博 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心, 农业水资源重点实验室, 河北省节水农业重点实验室, 石家庄 050021
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 王艺璇 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心, 农业水资源重点实验室, 河北省节水农业重点实验室, 石家庄 050021
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 裴宏伟 | 河北建筑工程学院市政与环境工程系, 张家口 075000 | | | 沈彦军 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心, 农业水资源重点实验室, 河北省节水农业重点实验室, 石家庄 050021 | shenyanjun@sjziam.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 永定河上游流域是冀西北重要的水源涵养区和生态屏障区，受气候变化和高强度人类活动影响，径流减少和水环境恶化问题日益突出.深入研究自然和人类活动共同影响下的地表水-地下水水化学特征及其成因，可为区域水资源可持续利用提供科学参考.本研究利用（δ2H和δ18O）氢氧同位素关系明确地表水和地下水来源，并在此基础上结合数理统计和水文地球化学方法，分析水化学特征及其成因.结果表明，地表水和地下水主要来源于降水.受自然因素及人类活动的共同影响，洋河和桑干河流域水化学类型差异显著.整体上，地表水离子浓度表现为：桑干河>洋河.桑干河流域地表水主要阳离子为Na+，主要阴离子为Cl-和SO42-，且水化学类型多样；洋河流域地表水主要阴阳离子分别为HCO3-和Ca2+，水化学类型分布相对集中.影响地表水水化学的自然因素主要为矿物溶解和蒸发，但人类活动却体现出流域差异，其中桑干河为支流的工业废水排放，而洋河流域为农业生产和城市.然而，由工业废水排放和酸雨输入导致的地表水Cl-和SO42-浓度持续增加，是地表水资源可持续利用的限制因素.因此，未来桑干河流域地表水资源利用要综合考虑总盐分和水化学组成的影响，而洋河流域主要考虑总盐分的影响.因地制宜地进行地表水资源利用，是永定河上游水资源可持续利用和恢复地下水位行之有效的措施. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The Yongding River basin is an important water conservation and ecological barrier area in the Northwest of Hebei Province. Reduced runoff and deterioration of the water environment in this area have become increasingly prominent under the effects of climate change and intensive human activities. Clarifying the chemical characteristics and factors of surface water and groundwater in the upper Yongding River basin can provide data and support for the sustainable use of water resources. Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen (δ2H and δ18O) were used to study the sources of surface water and groundwater. Mathematical statistics and hydrogeochemical methods were then used to analyze the regional hydrogeochemical processes and factors of surface water and groundwater. The results showed that precipitation was the main source of surface water and groundwater. Under the effects of natural factors and human activities, the Yang River and Sanggan River basins exhibited significant differences in surface water chemistry. The sub-basins were ranked by ion concentration as follows: Sanggan River>Yang River. The main cation and anions of the Sanggan River basin were Na+, Cl-, and SO42-, while in the Yang River basin, Ca2+ and HCO3- were the most common. The water chemistry of the Sanggan River exhibited greater variation than that of the Yang River. Surface water chemistry were mainly controlled by mineral dissolution and evaporation, but human activities were reflected in different sub-basins. Surface water in the Sanggan River basin was affected by industrial wastewater discharge, while that of the Yang River basin was affected by agricultural production and cities. However, the continuous increase of Cl- and SO42- concentrations, caused by industrial wastewater discharge and acid rain, was the limiting factor for sustainable use of surface water resources. In future, surface water in Sanggan River basin should be used with consideration to the effects of both total salinity and chemical composition of the water, while in Yang River, a focus should be placed on total salinity. The use of surface water resources in accordance with local conditions is an effective measure for the sustainable use of water resources and the restoration of groundwater levels in this region. |
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