| 重金属钝化剂阻控生菜Cd吸收的功能稳定性和适用性 |
| 摘要点击 2214 全文点击 712 投稿时间：2020-10-16 修订日期：2020-10-26 |
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| 中文关键词 重金属 钝化修复 功能稳定性 综合评价 生菜 |
| 英文关键词 heavy metal passivation remediation functional stability comprehensive evaluation lettuce |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 庞发虎 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | pangfahu@163.com | | 吴雪姣 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 孔雪菲 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 曾宠 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 王晓宇 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 陈兆进 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 姚伦广 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061 | | | 韩辉 | 南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院, 南水北调中线水源区水安全河南省协同创新中心, 南阳 473061
中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081 | 17657311626@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用重金属钝化剂阻控蔬菜吸收重金属是治理中轻度重金属污染菜地和保障蔬菜安全生产的重要举措.以重金属固定细菌Bacillus megaterium N3（N3）、稻壳生物炭（BC）、羊粪有机肥（SM）、菌株N3联合生物炭（BC+N3）和菌株N3联合羊粪有机肥（SM+N3）为重金属钝化剂，采用盆栽试验连续种植生菜3次，而只在种植第1次时施重金属钝化剂，研究不同处理对生菜吸收Cd的影响及其功能的稳定性，并利用动态加权综合函数评估这几种钝化材料的综合适用性.结果表明，第1次种植生菜时，与对照相比，所有重金属钝化剂均能显著降低（61.2%~81%）生菜可食用部分Cd的含量.而在第3次种植生菜中，只有菌株N3联合羊粪有机肥的处理能显著降低生菜对Cd的吸收，这表明菌株N3联合羊粪有机肥阻控生菜Cd吸收的功能稳定性最好.利用动态加权综合函数，从新鲜生菜可食用部分Cd含量、土壤有效态Cd含量、每亩产量和每亩修复成本等4个方面进行综合评价.结果显示，菌株N3联合羊粪有机肥的综合适用性最好，其次是羊粪有机肥、菌株N3联合生物炭和生物炭，而菌株N3的综合评价效果最差.本研究结果为重金属污染菜地钝化修复提供理论依据和技术支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The use of heavy metal passivators to prevent vegetables from absorbing heavy metals is an important measure to control heavy metal-polluted vegetable fields and to ensure the safe production of vegetables. A pot experiment of planting three times in succession was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus megaterium N3 (N3), rice husk biochar (BC), sheep manure organic fertilizer (SM), strain N3 combined with biochar (BC+N3), and strain N3 combined with sheep manure (SM+N3) on Cd uptake and the functional stability of lettuce using a heavy metal passivator only at the first planting. The comprehensive applicability of the passivation materials was evaluated by the dynamic weighted comprehensive function. The results showed that when lettuce was planted for the first time, compared with the control, all the heavy metal passivators could significantly reduce (61.2%-81%) the Cd content in the edible part of the lettuce. However, in the third cultivation of lettuce, only SM+N3 could significantly reduce the Cd uptake by lettuce, which indicated that SM+N3 had the best functional stability. The dynamic weighted comprehensive function was used to evaluate the Cd content in the edible part of fresh lettuce, available Cd content in the soil, yield, and remediation cost. The results showed that the comprehensive applicability of SM+N3 was the best, followed by that of SM, BC+N3, and BC, and the comprehensive evaluation effect of strain N3 was the worst. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis and technical support for remediation of heavy metal-contaminated vegetable fields. |
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