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张家口清水河拦沙坝对磷输移-滞留的影响
摘要点击 1777  全文点击 613  投稿时间:2020-06-15  修订日期:2020-08-12
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中文关键词    输移  滞留  拦沙坝  空间变化
英文关键词  phosphorus  transport  retention  check dam  spatial variation
作者单位E-mail
王维 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 
weiwang_st@rcees.ac.cn 
李叙勇 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 
xyli@rcees.ac.cn 
中文摘要
      磷在河流中的输移-滞留过程是河流生态系统中营养物质循环的基本组成,也是评价河流生态系统健康的重要指标之一.为探究拦沙坝对磷输移-滞留过程的影响,选取张家口清水河流域内拦沙坝河段为研究区域,在4个代表性断面对地表水中各形态磷质量浓度和径流过程进行监测,并收集当地实时降雨数据.结果表明:①拦沙坝下游与上游的总磷(TP)、总溶解态磷(TDP)、总颗粒态磷(TPP)和悬浮物(TSS)的质量浓度平均值之比分别为50%、79%、47%和58%,表明拦沙坝对磷和泥沙有明显的滞留作用.②在非降雨期TP、TDP和TPP在拦沙坝河段表现为滞留,而在降雨期TP、TDP和TPP在拦沙坝河段既有滞留也有输移,其中发生滞留的降雨场次占总降雨场次之比分别为63.6%、9%和81.8%,拦沙坝对磷的输移-滞留过程受降雨事件的时间间隔、持续时间和强度影响.③在单次降雨或连续降雨的降雨量超过56 mm后,拦沙坝对磷滞留作用明显下降.
英文摘要
      The transport and retention of phosphorus is a key process in nutrient cycling in river ecosystems and one of the main indicators used to evaluate river health. To explore the effect of check dams on the transport and retention of phosphorus, water samples were collected from four representative monitoring sections of a check-dammed reach of the Qingshui River in Zhangjiakou City. Various forms of phosphorus and runoff process were monitored, and local real-time rainfall data were also collected. The results showed that:① The average concentration ratios of total phosphorus (TP), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), total particulate phosphorus (TPP), and total suspended solids (TSS) downstream to upstream of the dam were 50%, 79%, 47%, and 58%, respectively, indicating that the check dam has a retention effect on phosphorus and sediment. ② During non-rainfall periods, TP, TDP, and TPP were retained in the check dam reach, while these forms of phosphorus were both retained and transported in the check dam reach during period of rainfall; the ratio of TP, TDP, and TPP retaining rainfall events to total rainfall events was 63.6%, 9%, and 81.8%, respectively, indicating that the transport-retention process was affected by the time interval, duration, and intensity of rainfall events. ③ When a single rainfall event or continuous event exceeded 56 mm, the retention effect of the check dam notably decreased.

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