| 生物滤池快速启动ANAMMOX运行策略及菌群特征 |
| 摘要点击 1981 全文点击 544 投稿时间：2019-12-17 修订日期：2020-01-17 |
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| 中文关键词 厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX) 生物滤池 快速启动 颗粒化 微生物群落结构 |
| 英文关键词 anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) biofilter fast start-up granulation microbial community structure |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为实现常温下厌氧氨氧化（anaerobic ammonia oxidation，ANAMMOX）反应的快速启动及污泥颗粒化，采用上向流生物滤池反应器接种少量厌氧氨氧化污泥，通过阶段变负荷及缩短水力停留时间运行策略启动ANAMMOX反应，并对生物滤池的脱氮特性做出评价.结果表明，生物滤池在中温（25~29℃）环境下历时22 d启动ANAMMOX反应.培养97 d，总氮容积去除速率达到5.64kg·（m3·d）-1，总氮去除率接近80%，颗粒污泥平均粒径为4.5 mm.高通量测序分析表明，生物滤池从下至上形成硝化菌-异养菌、厌氧氨氧化菌（AAOB）和AAOB-异养菌的分层结构.各种菌群协同脱氮，为AAOB创造低溶解氧（DO）稳定环境，厌氧氨氧化功能菌Candidatus Kuenenia（AF375995.1）得到富集.此外，对污染物沿程去除规律及污泥沿程特性进行分析，验证了反应区污泥具有良好ANAMMOX活性.厌氧氨氧化-生物滤池通过有效地保持菌量和稳定反应条件，实现了ANAMMOX反应的快速启动、污泥颗粒化及高效运行. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To achieve the rapid start-up of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) reaction at room temperature and sludge granulation, a small amount of ANAMMOX sludge was inoculated by an upflow biological filter reactor, and ANAMMOX was started by stage variable load and shortening hydraulic residence time (HRT) operation strategy. The reaction was evaluated, and the nitrogen removal characteristics of the biofilter were evaluated. The results showed that the biofilter started the ANAMMOX reaction in a medium-temperature (25-29℃) environment for 22 days. After 97 days of culture, the total nitrogen volume removal rate (NRR) reached 5.64 kg·(m3·d)-1, the total nitrogen (TN) removal rate was close to 80%, and the average particle size of the granular sludge was 4.5 mm. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the biofilter formed a layered structure of nitrifying bacteria-heterotrophic bacteria, anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (AAOB), and AAOB-heterotrophic bacteria from bottom to top. The various microflora synergistically denitrified, creating a low dissolved oxygen (DO) stable environment for AAOB, and the dominant population Candidatus Kuenenia (AF375995.1) was enriched. In addition, the removal process of pollutants along the path and the characteristics of sludge along the process were analyzed, and it was verified that the sludge in the reaction zone had good ANAMMOX activity. An ANAMMOX-biofilter reactor achieves rapid start-up of the ANAMMOX reaction, sludge granulation, and efficient operation by effectively maintaining the amount of bacteria and stabilizing the reaction conditions. |
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