| 浒苔生物炭对滨海盐碱土壤改良的效果及途径 |
| 摘要点击 1689 全文点击 705 投稿时间：2019-09-04 修订日期：2019-11-01 |
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| 中文关键词 浒苔生物炭 盐碱土壤 土壤营养 土壤酶 正效应 负效应 |
| 英文关键词 Enteromorpha prolifera biochar saline-alkali soil soil nutrients soil enzymes positive effect negative effect |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用生物炭改善逆境土壤越来越受到人们关注，浒苔生物炭用于滨海盐碱土修复，不但可资源化利用浒苔，还可提高滨海土地储备规模.本文采用批量土壤培养的方法，探索0%~3%添加量的浒苔生物炭对盐碱土壤改良的效果和途径.结果表明，适用于盐碱土壤改良的浒苔生物炭最佳制备温度为400℃，最适添加量为1.5%；最适添加量下，浒苔生物炭虽提高土壤盐度（0.12%）和pH值（1.49%），产生负效应，但同时降低土壤Na+/K+ 55.73%，增加矿物质元素1倍以上，提高水分传导性能等正效应；浒苔生物炭改善土壤理化及生物性质，提高营养物质含量、增强微生物活性和改善土壤营养可利用性，产生正效应，表现为降低土壤容重11.35%，提高有机质42.64%，提高总碳与总磷中有机碳与有效磷占比3.84倍和4.15倍，分别提升土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶及过氧化氢酶活性2.39、1.18和1.50倍.因此，浒苔生物炭对盐碱土的正效应多于负效应，可用于滨海盐碱土改良.本研究为浒苔的资源化利用及滨海盐碱区生态环境改善提供新的路径. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The use of biochar to improve adversity of soil has received increasing attention. Enteromorpha prolifera biochar is used to repair coastal saline-alkali soil, which can not only utilize Enteromorpha prolifera but can also increase the scale of the coastal land reserve. In this study, the method of soil culture experiments was used to explore the effect and pathway of 0%-3% addition of Enteromorpha prolifera on the improvement of saline-alkali soil. The results showed that the optimum preparation temperature of Enteromorpha prolifera biochar suitable for saline-alkali soil improvement was 400℃, and the optimum addition amount was 1.5%. At the optimum level, although the biochar had a negative effect, such as increasing soil salinity (0.12%) and pH (1.49%), it also produced positive effects, such as reducing soil Na+/K+ by 55.73%, increasing mineral content, and improving water conductivity. Enteromorpha prolifera biochar improved soil physicochemical and biological properties, increased nutrient content, enhanced microbial activity, improved soil nutrient availability, and produced positive effects. These positive effects were characterized by reducing soil bulk density by 11.35%, increasing organic matter by 42.64%, increasing the proportion of organic carbon in total carbon by 3.84 times, increasing the proportion of available phosphorus in total phosphorus by 4.15 times, and increasing soil invertase activity by 2.39 times, urease activity by 1.18 times, and catalase activity 1.50 times. Therefore, the positive effect of Enteromorpha prolifera biochar on saline-alkali soil is more than negative, and it can be used for the improvement of coastal saline-alkali soil. This study provides a new path for the resource utilization of Enteromorpha prolifera and the improvement of the ecological environment of coastal saline-alkali soil. |
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