| 小清河入海口近十年水质变化及驱动因素分析 |
| 摘要点击 2565 全文点击 793 投稿时间：2019-09-08 修订日期：2019-11-01 |
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| 中文关键词 小清河 水质变化 污染指数 污染物排放 土地利用类型变化 污水处理 |
| 英文关键词 Xiaoqing River changes in water quality pollution index pollutant emission change of land use type sewage treatment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 根据2008~2017年小清河入海口水体污染物浓度监测数据，选取13个污染因子，利用污染指数评价法、相关系数分析法以及主成分分析法等对入海径流水质变化进行了分析，并研究影响水质变化的驱动因素.结果表明，2008~2017年，小清河入海口水质呈好转状态，污染状况大大减轻；不同污染因子超标情况有所差异，化学需氧量、石油类污染物超标情况最严重，磷类污染物次之，其他污染物基本符合Ⅲ类水质标准；石油类、化学需氧量、氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和砷等污染物的污染程度整体呈下降趋势，磷、硝酸盐氮以及重金属中的铜、镉、铅、锌、汞和六价铬等污染物的污染程度呈不同程度上升趋势；污染物排放以及土地利用类型的变化是小清河水质整体上较差的主要因素，污水处理率的提高以及水环境保护政策的实施是小清河水质明显改善的重要原因，温度、日照时长、降水和瞬时径流等气候和水文因素也间接影响小清河入海径流的水质. |
| 英文摘要 |
| According to the monitoring data of pollutant concentration in the Xiaoqing River estuary from 2008 to 2017, 13 pollutants affecting water quality were selected. The trends of changes in water quality were identified mainly by the pollution index method, and the driving factors affecting water quality changes were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed by the Spearman and Pearson correlation analysis method and the principal component analysis. The results showed that the water quality of the Xiaoqing River estuary was improved and the pollution was greatly reduced from 2008 to 2017. The pollution factors were still above the limits to varying degrees; COD and petroleum were the most serious pollutants, TP came second, and the remaining pollutants basically met the water quality standards of the Ⅲ. The pollution degree of petroleum, COD, NH4+-N, NO2--N, and As showed an overall downward trend, and the pollution degree of TP, NO3--N, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, and Cr6+ showed an upward trend to different degrees. Social and economic factors were the main driving factors affecting the water quality of the Xiaoqing River. The discharge of pollutants and the changes in land use type led to serious water pollution overall in the Xiaoqing River, whereas the improvement of sewage treatment rate and the implementation of water environmental protection policy were the main factors affecting the water quality improvement of the Xiaoqing River. Natural factors were the secondary driving factors affecting the water quality of the Xiaoqing River. Climate and hydrological factors, such as temperature, sunshine duration, precipitation, and instantaneous runoff, also indirectly affected the water quality to different degrees. |
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