| 畜禽粪便和桃树枝工业化堆肥过程中微生物群演替及其与环境因子的关系 |
| 摘要点击 2075 全文点击 870 投稿时间：2019-07-17 修订日期：2019-09-01 |
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| 中文关键词 畜禽粪便 桃树枝 工业化堆肥 群落多样性 冗余分析 |
| 英文关键词 livestock manure peach branch industrial compost microbial diversity redundancy analysis |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 蔡涵冰 | 上海大学生命科学学院, 上海 200444
中国科学院上海高等研究院, 上海 201210 | caihanbing@sari.ac.cn | | 冯雯雯 | 上海大学生命科学学院, 上海 200444
中国科学院上海高等研究院, 上海 201210 | | | 董永华 | 上海市农产品质量安全中心, 上海 200335 | | | 马中良 | 上海大学生命科学学院, 上海 200444 | | | 曹慧锦 | 上海大学生命科学学院, 上海 200444
中国科学院上海高等研究院, 上海 201210 | | | 孙俊松 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院, 上海 201210 | | | 张保国 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院, 上海 201210 | zhangbg@sari.ac.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了解畜禽粪便和桃树枝工业化堆肥中微生物群落的变化，本研究以猪粪、桃树枝和腐熟有机肥为堆肥原料进行堆肥，通过测定理化指标和利用高通量测序技术，分析了堆肥中理化参数的变化和堆肥微生物群落结构变化.理化参数结果表明，堆体于第2 d快速进入高温期，整个高温期持续30 d；堆肥过程中有机质含量呈波动性变化，但总体下降；堆肥结束时TN含量为20.58g·kg-1，与堆肥初期相比损失了5.90%.α多样性分析表明，不同好氧堆肥时期具有不同的微生物群落多样性.在细菌门水平上，厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria）在整个堆肥过程中占主导地位，其相对丰度所占比例分别为79.31%~95.09%和2.98%~19.70%；此外，在堆肥初期，厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria）相对丰度分别为87.36%和9.66%，在堆肥末期，两者的相对丰度分别为79.38%和19.70%；在细菌属水平上，随着堆肥的进行，优势类群从Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1、Terrisporobacter和Bacillus演变为norank_f_Bacillaceae、 Bacillus、Oceanbacillus和Pseudogracilibacillus；在真菌门水平上，Ascomycota始终为优势门类；在真菌属水平上，norank_c_Sordariomycetes的比例逐渐增加，在堆肥末期成为优势类群.冗余分析结果显示，环境因子对细菌和真菌群落结构影响相关性排序均为pH > 铵态氮 > 温度 > TOC > TN，其中pH对微生物群落组成影响最大.norank_c_Sordariomycetes、norank_o_Sordariales和norank_c_Agaricomycetes可能与铵态氮的挥发有关. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study sets out to understand the evolution of the microbial community structure in industrial composting with livestock manure and peach branches. Pig manure, peach branches, and decomposed organic fertilizer were used as materials for composting. Changes in physical and chemical indicators and the evolution in the structure of the compost microbial community, determined by high-throughput sequencing, were analyzed. The results of physical and chemical parameters show that the pile reached the high-temperature stage on day 2, and the thermophilic period lasted for 30 days. The changes in total carbon were volatile, and there was an overall decline in the amount of TOC in the whole process of composting; The final content of TN was 20.58 g·kg-1, which was 5.90% lower compared to the initial compost. Alpha analysis indicated that a different microbial community diversity existed at different times during aerobic composting periods. At the bacterial phyla level, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla, and the proportion of relative abundance were 79.31%-95.09% and 2.98%-19.70%, respectively, in the entire compost. The relative abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were 87.36% and 9.66%, respectively, and their respective relative abundances were 79.38% and 19.70% at the end of composting. At the bacterial genus level, the dominant group changed from Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Terrisporobacter, and Bacillus to norank_f_Bacillaceae, Bacillus, Oceanbacillus, and Pseudogracilibacillus; Regarding the fungus phyla, the Ascomycota was the dominant phylum. For the fungus genus, the relative abundance of norank_c_Sordariomycetes gradually increased during composting, and finally was predominant group. The redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the correlation rank between environmental factors and microbial community structure was:pH > NH4+-N > T > TOC > TN, where pH had the greatest impact on the microbial community composition. norank_c_Sordariomycetes, norank_o_Sordariales, and norank_c_Agaricomycetes may be related to the volatilization of ammonium nitrogen. |
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