| 添加磷对水稻-油菜轮作土壤N2O排放影响 |
| 摘要点击 1485 全文点击 597 投稿时间：2018-11-18 修订日期：2019-02-19 |
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| 中文关键词 磷 水稻-油菜轮作土壤 氧化亚氮(N2O) 硝化作用 硝化率 |
| 英文关键词 phosphorus rice-rapeseed rotation soil N2O nitrification nitrification rate |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 我国南方红壤区域普遍属于缺磷土壤，种植作物需要施用较多的磷肥，但添加磷对水稻-油菜轮作土壤中N2O的排放影响并不明确.以潜江、咸宁两处水稻-油菜轮作模式下的土壤为研究对象，添加不同浓度的磷（0、15和30mg·kg-1）和不同浓度的氮（0和100mg·kg-1）进行室内培养实验，探究添加磷对水稻-油菜轮作土壤N2O排放的影响.结果表明，添加磷对土壤中N2O的排放有较为显著的影响，但影响的方式有所不同：在土壤本身氮比较少的情况下，添加磷会促进土壤中微生物对氮的固定，降低N2O的排放；在土壤中有充足的氮情况下，添加较少的磷会促进土壤中硝化微生物的活动，促进N2O的排放，但添加较多的磷同样会促进土壤中微生物对氮的固定，相比于添加较少的磷处理会抑制N2O的排放；在土壤本身磷的含量较为充足的情况下，无论土壤中的氮源是否充足，添加磷仅对土壤中N2O的排放起抑制作用. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The red soils in southern China are generally classified as phosphorus-deficient, and therefore planting crops in these regions usually requires high applications of phosphate fertilizer. However, the effect of phosphorus addition on N2O emissions in rice-rapeseed rotation soils is not clear. We carried out an incubation experiment with the rice-rapeseed rotation soil from Qianjiang and Xianning to explore the effect of different concentrations of phosphorus (0, 15, and 30 mg·kg-1) and different concentrations of nitrogen (0 and 100 mg·kg-1) on N2O emission. Studies have shown that the addition of phosphorus has a significant effect on soil N2O emissions, but the pathways of impact are varied:in the case of low nitrogen soil, the addition of phosphorus promotes the fixation of nitrogen in the soil by microorganisms and thus reduces N2O emissions; in case of sufficient nitrogen content in soil, adding less phosphorus promotes the activity of nitrifies and thereby promotes the emission of N2O, while adding more phosphorus also promotes fixation by microorganisms in the soil; when there is a high content of available phosphorus in the soil, whether the nitrogen is sufficient or not, the addition of phosphorus will inhibit the emission of N2O. |
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