| 水源水库暴雨径流过程水体锰的迁移及其影响 |
| 摘要点击 1166 全文点击 499 投稿时间：2018-10-25 修订日期：2018-12-27 |
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| 中文关键词 水源水库 锰污染 暴雨径流 锰形态 污染负荷 迁移 |
| 英文关键词 water source reservoir manganese pollution storm runoff manganese form pollution load migration |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 邓立凡 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055
西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | dlf_yffs@163.com | | 黄廷林 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055
西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | huangtinglin@xauat.edu.cn | | 李楠 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055
西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | | | 李凯 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055
西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | | | 吕晓龙 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055
西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | | | 毛雪静 | 西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055
西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院, 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 针对西安金盆水库2017年汛期出现的锰浓度超标问题，对水库上游至主库区沿程多个监测点垂向锰浓度及其赋存形态进行监测，研究暴雨径流对水中锰含量的影响以及径流中锰的形态，估算单次典型暴雨径流过程水库水体锰的汇入、输出与沉积量，根据实测数据与计算结果，从运行调度角度提出了暴雨时期高浊、高负荷径流入库的规避方案.结果表明，强降雨过程引起的高浊径流汇入显著增加了西安金盆水库水体总锰浓度，导致水库水质严重恶化，2017年10月12日至2017年10月14日单次降雨径流总锰的输入负荷为9.11 t，泄洪和出水输出的总锰为6.22 t，净沉积量（锰）为1.47 t.水库上游沿程水体锰含量及形态变化表明，连续降雨过程对土壤的冲刷和侵蚀作用导致大量颗粒态污染物随径流汇入水体，占水体中总锰的质量分数大于70%，铁锰氧化物结合态为其主要形态.通过与不同粒径范围的颗粒进行相关性分析，颗粒态锰粒径约为2~20 μm.暴雨径流入库时期采取泄洪排浊的措施可以有效减小锰的污染负荷，降低供水安全风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In view of the problem of excessive manganese concentrations in the Xi'an Jinpen Reservoir during the flood season in 2017, the vertical distribution of manganese in density currents and its occurrence pattern were monitored at multiple monitoring sections along the upstream reaches to the main basin. The influences of density currents plunging into the reservoir on the migration and transformation of Mn were studied, and sedimentation, output, and deposition of manganese in the reservoir water were also specifically estimated during a single, typical storm runoff process. Devices for avoiding high turbidity and high load inflows in rainfall events were proposed. The results showed that significant increases of total manganese were induced by high-turbidity inflows, which largely degraded water quality during rainfall events. From 12 to 14 October, 9.11 tons of total manganese were transported into the reservoir during a single rainfall event, and the pollution conditions were largely remitted by flood discharges with an output of 6.22 tons; thus, the net deposition (manganese) was 1.47 tons. The manganese content and morphological changes along the upper reaches of the reservoir indicated that soil erosion occurred during the continuous rainfall process, and this caused a large amount of particulate pollutants to flow into the water body with the runoff. More than 70% of the total manganese in the water was in the iron-manganese oxide bound state. Correlation analysis was conducted with particles of different particle size ranges, and granular manganese particle sizes were about 2-20 μm. The findings indicate that when flood discharges with turbidity currents occur, this can effectively reduce the load of pollutants and the safety risks of water. |
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