| 厌氧条件水稻土铁对砷释放的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2318 全文点击 759 投稿时间：2017-11-16 修订日期：2017-12-07 |
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| 中文关键词 水稻土 淹水缺氧 土壤微环境 砷 铁 |
| 英文关键词 paddy soil flooded and anaerobic soil micro-environment arsenic iron |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 水稻土无定型铁矿物是砷的重要吸附载体，水稻种植需要经历的淹水厌氧阶段能促进铁矿物还原溶解并使其吸附的砷释放进入水稻土溶液.本研究重点考察了厌氧环境中水稻土在培养液的富集培养下不同形态砷对砷释放的贡献作用，并探究淹水缺氧环境下水稻土无定型铁矿物对砷迁移转化的影响.结果表明，相比于第一阶段，第二阶段培养液中铁（Ⅱ）和总砷浓度均显著提高（P<0.05），其中两个阶段的土壤溶液均主要来源于可交换态砷（F1）和专属吸附态砷（F2），且两个阶段的培养液砷与F1+F2均呈显著正相关关系，分别为r=0.73，P<0.05和r=0.657，P<0.05，无定型铁结合态砷（F3）与砷浓度呈不显著正相关.两阶段的水稻土不同形态铁与培养液砷浓度均存在一定关系，水稻土盐酸提取铁（Ⅱ）浓度与砷浓度呈显著正相关（r=0.577，P<0.05；r=0.613，P<0.05），无定型铁矿物与砷存在负相关关系（r=-0.428，P=0.126；r=-0.564，P<0.05）.因此，厌氧环境下水稻土中处于亚稳状态的无定型铁矿物在总体上能有效地吸持固定砷从而抑制砷的移动和迁移. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Amorphous iron oxides in paddy soil are critical adsorbents of arsenic. The flooding period during rice cultivation contributes to the reductive dissolution of these amorphous iron oxides, which releases sorbed arsenic into the paddy soil solution. However, more detailed work should be conducted to evaluate quantitatively arsenic immobilization, release, and transformation regulated by metastable amorphous iron oxides. In previous studies, arsenic in the soil solution phase and solid phase were classified into F1 (exchangeable arsenic), F2 (specifically sorbed arsenic), F3 (amorphous iron oxide bound arsenic), and F4 (crystalline iron oxide bound arsenic), according to a sequential extraction procedure using reagents of increasing dissolution strength. In this study, soil samples were collected from the vicinity of a silver smelting plant in Chenzhou, Hunan Province, and the contribution of different arsenic speciation (F1, F2, F3, and F4) to arsenic release during anaerobic enrichment incubation of paddy soil was investigated. Sample analysis was conducted at the end of the first phase (day 15) and the second phase (day 30). The effects of amorphous iron oxides in paddy soil on migration and transformation of arsenic were discussed. Results showed significant elevation of dissolved Fe(Ⅱ) and arsenic concentration (P<0.05) in enrichment solutions in the second phase compared with that in the first phase. Arsenic released in the soil solution in both phases originated from exchangeable arsenic and specifically sorbed arsenic, as indicated by its significantly positive correlation with F1 and F2 (r=0.73, P<0.05; r=0.657, P<0.05). However, an insignificant positive correlation was found between the arsenic released and F3. Moreover, HCl-extractable Fe(Ⅱ) was significantly and positively correlated with arsenic (r=0.577, P<0.05; r=0.613, P<0.05), while amorphous iron oxides were significantly and negatively correlated with arsenic (r=-0.428, P=0.126; r=-0.564, P<0.05). In conclusion, arsenic in the F1 and F2 fractions acted as the major source of released arsenic. Despite elevated levels of HCl-extractable Fe(Ⅱ) that might result from the slight reductive dissolution of amorphous iron oxide, the significant negative correlation between dissolved arsenic and amorphous iron oxides indicated that metastable amorphous iron oxides in anaerobic paddy soil can generally sorb dissolved arsenic effectively, resulting in lower mobility of arsenic. Increasing the level of amorphous iron oxides in paddy soil is conducive to inactivation of arsenic. |
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