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铁岭市河流氮素时空分布及源解析
摘要点击 2324  全文点击 751  投稿时间:2017-04-27  修订日期:2017-11-01
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中文关键词  铁岭市  河流  污染    同位素
英文关键词  Tieling City  river  pollution  nitrogen  isotope
作者单位E-mail
杨丽标 中国环境科学研究院, 河流与河口海岸带环境重点实验室, 北京 100012 yanglb@craes.org.cn 
雷坤 中国环境科学研究院, 河流与河口海岸带环境重点实验室, 北京 100012  
乔飞 中国环境科学研究院, 河流与河口海岸带环境重点实验室, 北京 100012  
孟伟 中国环境科学研究院, 河流与河口海岸带环境重点实验室, 北京 100012  
中文摘要
      研究了铁岭市22条河流氮素的时空分布特征,并对及其来源进行了解析.结果表明,研究期间总氮、硝态氮、铵态氮浓度的变化范围分别为1.26~18.85、0.53~11.8、0.3~15.7 mg·L-1,均值分别为(5.8±1.9)、(2.8±1.74)、(2.0±1.1)mg·L-1;硝态氮是氮素的主要赋存形态,占总氮比例为48%.时间尺度上,氮浓度表现出丰水期 < 平水期 < 枯水期的变化趋势.空间尺度上,以氨氮为评价指标,22条河流中有8条河流全年水质低于Ⅲ类水质;条子河和小清河污染比较严重,常年处于劣Ⅴ类水.西辽河、小河子河、辽河等河流水质相对较好.铁岭市河流硝酸盐δ15 N值和δ18 O值分别介于-3.0‰~23.9‰、-11.7‰~57‰.铁岭市河流氮的主要来源为人畜排泄物以及工业和生活废水;一些河流不同水期河流氮的来源有所差异;条子河、碾盘河丰水期河流氮主要来源于化肥和土壤氮,而枯水期主要来源于工业和生活污水.
英文摘要
      This study analyzed the spatio-temporal distribution and sources of nitrogen (N) in 22 rivers in Tieling City during 2013-07-2014-07. The results showed that the concentrations of TN, NO3--N, and NH4+-N were 1.26-18.85, 0.53-11.8, and 0.3-15.7 mg·L-1, with an annual mean value of (5.8±1.9), (2.8±1.74), and (2.0±1.1) mg·L-1, respectively. Overall, NO3--N was the main form of N with a percentage of 48%. The concentration of N in the wet season was significantly higher than that in the normal and dry seasons. According to the standards for surface water quality, water quality in eight rivers was worse than grade Ⅲ. Tiaozi River and Xiaoqing River were seriously polluted by ammonia N with a grade Ⅴ water quality through the sampling period, while Xiliao River, Xiaohezi River, and Liao River met the water quality standards. During the sampling period, δ15 N and δ18 O in nitrate in river waters were -3.0‰-23.9‰ and -11.7‰-57‰, respectively. Based on the data on the isotopes of N and O, N in the rivers in Tieling City mainly originated from human and animal excreta, industrial effluents, and domestic sewage. Sources of riverine N varied with seasons. For example, N in Tiaozi River and Nianpan River was mainly from fertilizer use and soil nitrogen in the wet season while it was from the industrial effluents and domestic sewage in the dry season.

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