| 生物炭和有机肥对华北农田盐碱土N2O排放的影响 |
| 摘要点击 4554 全文点击 1248 投稿时间：2017-05-04 修订日期：2017-06-09 |
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| 中文关键词 氧化亚氮 生物炭 有机肥 土壤pH 含水量 硝态氮 铵态氮 |
| 英文关键词 N2O biochar organic fertilizer pH soil moisture content NO3--N NH4+-N |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于山东滨州地区冬小麦-夏玉米轮作大田试验，探究了施用生物炭和有机肥对夏玉米季土壤氧化亚氮（N2O）排放的影响，为盐碱土壤N2O增汇减排提供理论依据.试验按照不同处理氮、磷、钾含量相同原则，设置对照CK[N：0.2 t·（hm2·a）-1，P2O5：0.12 t·（hm2·a）-1，K2O：0.2 t·（hm2·a）-1]、C1[5 t·（hm2·a）-1生物炭]、C2[10 t·（hm2·a）-1生物炭]、C3[20 t·（hm2·a）-1生物炭]、M1[7.5 t·（hm2·a）-1有机肥]、M2[10 t·（hm2·a）-1有机肥]这6个处理.结果表明，施加生物炭和有机肥对土壤N2O排放影响趋势基本一致，排放高峰均出现在施肥（基肥和追肥）后，累积排放量占整个生育期排放量的近一半；与CK相比，C1、C2分别降低N2O排放的45.3%、31.6%，而C3、M1、M2分别增加了17.3%、37.4%、27.6%.施加生物炭和有机肥均会对土壤N2O排放产生影响，施加生物炭可以降低N2O排放，而施加有机肥则促进了N2O排放.因此，生物炭对减少农田N2O排放具有巨大潜力. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Based on the winter wheat-summer maize rotation field experiment, the effects of biochar and organic fertilizer on saline-alkali soil N2O emissions in the summer maize season were studied in Binzhou in the Shandong Province to provide a theoretical basis for reducing N2O emissions from saline-alkali soil. The experiment includes six treatments with three replications:CK[N:0.2 t·(hm2·a)-1, P2O5:0.12 t·(hm2·a)-1, K2O:0.2 t·(hm2·a)-1], C1[5 t·(hm2·a)-1biochar], C2[10 t·(hm2·a)-1 biochar], C3[20 t·(hm2·a)-1 biochar], M1[7.5 t·(hm2·a)-1 organic fertilizer], and M2[10 t·(hm2·a)-1 organic fertilizer]. The same nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer was applied for each treatment. The results showed that the dynamic trend of the soil N2O fluxes among different treatments were similar. The peak N2O emissions occurred after fertilization (base fertilizer and topdressing). The N2O cumulative emission fluxes accounted for nearly half of the emissions during the whole growth period, and the N2O emissions of the C1, C2, and C3 treatments were lower than that of CK after fertilization. Compared with CK, the N2O cumulative emissions from C1 and C2 were reduced by 45.3% and 31.6%, respectively, but C3, M1, and M2 increased by 17.3%, 37.4%, and 27.6%, respectively. Biochar and organic fertilizer both affected N2O emission fluxes. Applying biochar can reduce N2O emissions, while organic fertilizer can increase N2O emissions. In summary, biochar has a great advantage in reducing N2O emissions in the farmland. |
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