| 外源环烷酸在土壤中的降解过程及对微生物群落结构的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1823 全文点击 724 投稿时间：2017-03-25 修订日期：2017-05-20 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 环烷酸 土壤 自然降解 高通量测序 细菌群落 |
| 英文关键词 naphthenic acids soil natural degradation high-throughput sequencing bacteria community structure |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘艳秋 | 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871 | 1501214835@pku.edu.cn | | 赵嫣然 | 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871 | | | 刘梦娇 | 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871 | | | 樊灏 | 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871 | | | 黄艺 | 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100871 | yhuang@pku.edu.cn |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 环烷酸类物质（naphthenic acids，NAs）是石油中的一种天然成分，所占质量分数约为2%，是除多环芳烃外最具生态毒性的石油污染物.随着能源需求的增长，大量NAs通过石油工业的各个过程进入土壤环境中，对人类健康和生态系统造成了巨大的潜在威胁.然而，目前对外源NAs在土壤中的降解过程及其对微生物群落结构的影响等研究较少.本研究以自然洁净土壤为样本，通过添加180 mg·kg-1高浓度NAs，并借助液相色谱、高通量测序等技术探究了土壤中NAs的降解过程及微生物群落动态变化.研究发现，自然洁净土壤对高浓度NAs降解能力较强，5 d内降解量达到50%，15 d后稳定在80%左右，但NAs含量低于42 mg·kg-1后难以被生物利用； NAs污染明显改变了土壤细菌群落结构，土样中特有OTU数目增加，主要分布在未鉴定门、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）；高含量NAs污染胁迫下，拟杆菌门、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）及变形菌门中的γ变形菌纲（γ-Proteobacteria）物种丰度在短期内迅速升高，显示了较强耐受性，是潜在的NAs降解菌，而放线菌门（Actinobacteria）相对丰度则大幅下降，降幅高达24.8%；研究结果揭示了外源NAs在土壤中的降解过程及对微生物群落结构的影响，为石油污染土壤的生态修复提供了科学支持. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Naphthenic acids (NAs) are a natural component of petroleum, which account for about 2% of severe ecological toxicity in addition to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. With the growth in demand for energy, a large number of NAs have leaked into soil environments through oil industry processes, which have caused enormous potential threats to human health and ecosystems. However, there are few studies about the degradation process of exogenous NAs and their effects on microbial community structures in soil. This research explores the degradation process of NAs and their dynamics in microbial communities in soil by adding a high concentration of 180 mg·kg-1 of NAs to natural, clean soil with the aid of liquid chromatography and high-throughput sequencing technologies. This study found that:① Natural clean soil has a strong capability to degrade high concentration of NAs with about 50% of the NAs degraded within 5 days, which stabilized at 80% after 30 days of the experiment; ② Pollution with NAs obviously alters the microbial community structure as the number of specific OTU increased and were mainly distributed in phylum of unidentified Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes; ③ Under high concentrations of NAs, the content of Bacteroidetes and Acidobacteria phylum and the γ-Proteobacteria of Proteobacteria phylum all increased swiftly and were speculated to be a potential agents for NA degradation, with the relative abundance ratio of Bacteroidetes and Acidobacteria increasing from 4.2% and 2% to 20.3% and 5.5%, respectively, while a 24.8% decrease was found in Actinobacteria phylum; ④ This study revealed the degradation process of exogenous NAs and their effects on microbial community structure in soil, which provided scientific support for the ecological restoration of petroleum pollution and further study in this area. |
|
|
|
