| 道路灰尘中有机磷阻燃剂污染特征及人体暴露 |
| 摘要点击 2298 全文点击 696 投稿时间：2017-02-02 修订日期：2017-04-28 |
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| 中文关键词 有机磷阻燃剂 室外灰尘 含量水平 分布特征 暴露 |
| 英文关键词 organophosphorus flame retardants road dust contamination level distribution characteristic exposure |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用气质联用仪（GC-MS）定量分析了苏州市25个道路灰尘样品中4种有机磷阻燃剂（organophosphate flame retardants，OPFRs）的含量水平和分布特征，并估算了成人、儿童和环卫工人灰尘摄入和呼吸暴露两种不同途径的日暴露量.结果表明，在灰尘样品中4种OPFRs均有不同程度检出，总OPFRs的含量范围为ND~8901.66 ng·g-1，中位值为1039.21 ng·g-1.三（1-氯-2-丙基）磷酸酯[Tris（1-chloro-2-propyl）phosphate，TCPP]、磷酸三（丁氧基乙基）酯[Tris（2-butoxyethyl）phosphate，TBEP]、磷酸三（1，3-二氯-2-丙基）酯[Tris（1，3-dichloro-2-propyl）phosphate，TDCPP]和磷酸三（2-氯乙基）酯[Tris（2-chloroethyl）phosphate，TCEP]含量范围分别为0~6931.46、0~2021.15、0~788.44和0~62.16 ng·g-1.在高暴露情景下，成人、儿童和环卫工人通过摄入灰尘暴露∑OPEs的日均暴露量分别是125.68、915.78和6314.16 pg·kg-1，儿童的暴露量比普通成人高6倍；而成人、儿童和环卫工人通过呼吸途径暴露∑OPEs的日均暴露量分别为3.07E-02、1.89E-02和1.54E-01 pg·kg-1.因此灰尘中OPFRs对于儿童和环卫工人的潜在危害更大. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The contamination levels and distribution characteristics of four organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) in 25 outdoor dust samples collected in Suzhou were quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The exposure to OPFRs via ingestion and inhalation of dust were also estimated for adults, children, and professional street sweepers. Four types of OPFRs were detected in all dust samples at different levels; the total OPFRs concentrations ranged from non-detected (ND) to 8901.66 ng·g-1, with a median of 1039.21 ng·g-1. The concentrations of TCPP, TBEP, TDCPP, and TCEP were in the range of 0-6931.46, 0-2021.15, 0-788.44, and 0-62.16 ng·g-1, respectively. The daily intake of ∑OPEs under a high dust ingestion scenario was 125.68, 915.78, and 6314.16 pg·kg-1 for adults, children, and professional street sweepers, respectively. The estimated exposure of children to ∑OPEs was six times higher than that of adults. However, the daily intake of OPFRs via dust inhalation was 3.07E-02, 1.89E-02, and 1.54E-01 pg·kg-1 for adults, children, and professional street sweepers, respectively. These findings indicated that the occurrence of OPFRs in the dust poses a significant risk to children and professional street sweepers. |
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