| 2016年北京市春节大气颗粒物污染特征激光雷达监测分析 |
| 摘要点击 2534 全文点击 928 投稿时间：2017-02-20 修订日期：2017-05-02 |
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| 中文关键词 春节期间 烟花爆竹 颗粒物 激光雷达 消光系数 |
| 英文关键词 Spring Festival Period fireworks particulate matter LIDAR extinction coefficient |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于激光雷达大气颗粒物消光系数实时数据以及PM2.5和PM10自动在线监测数据对北京市2016年春节期间（2月7~13日）大气污染进行系统分析.除夕夜间受燃放烟花爆竹影响，大气颗粒物浓度在短时间内急剧攀升，市中心的官园站PM2.5浓度最大值达到639.3 μg·m-3，9 h内增长了近30倍，城郊的琉璃河站及定陵站颗粒物最大小时浓度均超过1000 μg·m-3，显著高于市中心的官园站.初三至初五存在持续的颗粒物高浓度污染且城郊的颗粒物浓度均高于市中心.激光雷达的监测结果表明，除夕燃放时段内3个站点105 m处的消光系数显著高于405 m，呈现出明显的鞭炮燃放排放污染特征.3个站点的垂直消光特性存在显著差异，大气清洁时1.0 km下定陵、车公庄及琉璃河的背景极值分别为0.09、0.20和0.19 km-1，2月8日00：00的消光系数最大值分别为0.23、1.36和1.19 km-1，为同时刻同高度背景值的2.6倍、6.8倍和6.0倍，燃放烟花爆竹使得颗粒物的消光系数短时间内急剧增大. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Real-time aerosol extinction retrieved by Micro-pulse LIDAR and concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in Beijing were analyzed to investigate the air quality during the Spring Festival. The results showed that fireworks on the New Year's Eve resulted in a sharp increase in particulate matter concentrations in a short time. The maximum concentration of PM2.5 at Guanyuan station was 639.3 μg·m-3, which increased by nearly 30 times in 9 h. The maximum hourly concentration of particulate matter at Dingling and Liulihe suburban stations were significantly higher than that in Guanyuan station, the maximum values were more than 1000 μg·m-3. The particulate matter levels were continuously high on February 10-12 and the concentration of particulate matter at Dingling and Liulihe suburban stations were higher than that at Guanyuan. LIDAR results showed no obvious changes in the extinction coefficient at Dingling on the New Year's Eve. The extinction coefficient at Liulihe was greater than 1 km-1, but the particulate matter pollution was concentrated at altitudes less than 400 m. The extinction coefficient at Chegongzhuang was still higher than 0.4 km-1 at 500 m; however, the duration of pollution was shorter than that of Liulihe. The extinction coefficients at 105 m at all three stations during the New Year's Eve were significantly higher than those at 405 m. There were significant differences in the vertical extinction characteristics of the three sites. The background maximum values of Dingling, Chegongzhuang, and Liulihe were 0.09 km-1, 0.20 km-1, and 0.19 km-1 under 1.0 km, respectively. The maximum extinction coefficients at 00:00 (midnight) were 0.23 km-1, 1.36 km-1, and 1.19 km-1, which were 2.6 times, 6.8 times, and 6.0 times higher than the background value at the same time, respectively. In summary, discharge of fireworks led to a dramatic increase in the extinction coefficient of particulate matter. Temperature inversion and lower wind speeds were the main meteorological factors that contributed to this pollution event. |
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