| 道路扬尘PM2.5中金属元素污染特征及健康风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 4245 全文点击 1211 投稿时间：2017-02-28 修订日期：2017-04-19 |
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| 中文关键词 道路扬尘 PM2.5 金属元素 地累计指数 健康风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 road dust PM2.5 metallic elements geoaccumulation index health risk assessment |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张静 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 城市交通污染防治研究中心, 天津 300071 | dr.zhangjing@mail.nankai.edu.cn | | 张衍杰 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 城市交通污染防治研究中心, 天津 300071 | | | 方小珍 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 城市交通污染防治研究中心, 天津 300071 | | | 李凤华 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 城市交通污染防治研究中心, 天津 300071 | | | 吴琳 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 城市交通污染防治研究中心, 天津 300071 | dr.wu@msn.com | | 毛洪钧 | 南开大学环境科学与工程学院, 城市交通污染防治研究中心, 天津 300071 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了分析和比较城市和公园道路扬尘（RD&PRD）中PM2.5载带的部分金属元素的污染特征及其健康风险，本文利用再悬浮系统将道路扬尘中粒径小于2.5 μm的颗粒物悬浮至滤膜上，分析了PM2.5中载带的Na、Mg、Al、Fe、Cu、Mn、Ni、Sb、Zn、Cd和Pb等元素.结果显示，城市道路扬尘中Cu和Sb的平均含量为626 mg·kg-1和23mg·kg-1，明显高于公园道路扬尘（274 mg·kg-1和11mg·kg-1），表明RD中Cu和Sb的含量可能受到非尾气（刹车磨损）排放的影响；地累计指数（Igeo）分析显示，RD和PRD中Cd达到强到极强污染程度（4 < Igeo < 5），Cu、Sb、Zn和Pb为强或中到强污染程度（2 < Igeo < 4），Ni和Mn为未受污染到中度污染（Igeo < 1）.RD和PRD中的Cu、Ni、Sb、Zn、Cd和Pb尚不存在非致癌风险，Ni和Cd的终生致癌风险小于10-6，无致癌风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to analyze and compare the pollution characteristics and risks to human health of metallic elements in the PM2.5 fraction of urban road dust (RD) and park road dust (PRD), particles smaller than 2.5 μm were suspended to filters by a re-suspension system and concentrations of Na, Mg, Al, Fe, Cu, Mn, Ni, Sb, Zn, Cd, and Pb were quantified. Results showed that the average concentrations of Cu and Sb in RD were 626 mg·kg-1 and 23 mg·kg-1, significantly higher than that in PRD (274 mg·kg-1 and 11 mg·kg-1). This indicated that the elemental composition of RD was influenced by non-exhaust emissions. The geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) of each detected element showed that samples were strongly to extremely contaminated by Cd (4 < Igeo < 5), moderately to strongly contaminated by Cu, Sb, Zn, and Pb (2 < Igeo < 4), and uncontaminated to moderately contaminated by Ni and Mn (Igeo < 1). The hazard index (HI) values of Sb, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, and Cd were less than 1 and the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values of Ni and Cd were less than 10-6, indicating that these elements of RD and PRD are not associated with any cancer risks or non-cancer health risks. |
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